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The light zone consists of GC B cells and T follicular helper cells. [3] It is proximal to the lymph node and near the network of follicular dendritic cells. [3] The GC B cells in the light zone, known as centrocytes, are smaller, less abundant and divide less as compared to the GC B cells in the dark zone.
The dark zone of germinal centers contain proliferating centroblasts. Once these centroblasts are stimulated, they no longer divide, and proceed to move to the light zone of germinal centers. [5] In the light zone, T follicular helper cells mediate centrocyte selection through CD40L and provide them with pro-survival signals. [6]
B cell activation: from immature B cell to plasma cell or memory B cell Basic B cell function: bind to an antigen, receive help from a cognate helper T cell, and differentiate into a plasma cell that secretes large numbers of antibodies. B cell activation occurs in the secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs), such as the spleen and lymph nodes. [1]
They are specifically located in the dark zone of the germinal center. [2] Centroblasts form from naive B cells being exposed to follicular dendritic cell cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-15, 8D6, and BAFF. Stimulation from helper T cells is also required for centroblast development.
Class switching occurs after activation of a mature B cell via its membrane-bound antibody molecule (or B cell receptor) to generate the different classes of antibody, all with the same variable domains as the original antibody generated in the immature B cell during the process of V(D)J recombination, but possessing distinct constant domains in their heavy chains.
In immunology, affinity maturation is the process by which T FH cell-activated B cells produce antibodies with increased affinity for antigen during the course of an immune response. With repeated exposures to the same antigen, a host will produce antibodies of successively greater affinities .
BCGFs specifically mediate the growth and division of B cells, or, in other words, the progression of B cells through their life cycle (cell cycle stages G1, S, G2). BCDFs control the advancement of a B cell progenitor or unmatured B cell to an adult immunoglobulin (Ig) secreting cell. Differentiation factors control cell fate and can sometimes ...
FO B cells express high levels of IgD, and CD23; lower levels of CD21 and IgM; and no CD1 or CD5, readily distinguishing this compartment from B1 B cells and marginal zone B-cells. FO B cells organize into the primary follicles of B cell zones focused around follicular dendritic cells in the white pulp of the spleen and the cortical areas of ...