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Bituminous coal is a particular rank of coal, as determined by the amount and type of carbon present in the coal and the amount of energy it can produce when burned. [2] It is higher in rank than sub-bituminous coal but lower in rank than anthracite. [3] Bituminous coal is the most abundant rank of coal. [3] [2]
Coking is the process of heating coal in the absence of oxygen to a temperature above 600 °C (1,112 °F) to drive off the volatile components of the raw coal, leaving behind a hard, strong, porous material with a high carbon content called coke.
Anthracite coal was first found in 1762, and then was used for the first time around 1769 by Obadiah Gore and his brother in their blacksmith shop in Wilkes-Barre. However, coal usage was generally restricted to local consumption need until the industry began to expand at the turn of the 19th century. [14]
In 1840, coal was discovered in the town of Spadra, in Johnson County, Arkansas, [1] with coal mining operations beginning that same year. [2] Initially, mining was primarily for local use in blacksmithing, but the construction of the Little Rock and Fort Smith Railroad in the 1870s opened the region up for more commercial mining activity, primarily in the counties of Franklin, Johnson, and ...
The rank of coal is correlated with its geologic history, as described in Hilt's law. In the ASTM system, any coal with more than 69% fixed carbon is classified by its content of carbon and volatiles. Coal with less than 69% fixed carbon is classified by its heating value. Volatiles and carbon are on a dry mineral free base; heating value is ...
Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikidata item; ... Sub-bituminous coal; Bituminous coal, or black coal This page was last edited on 1 March 2021 ...
A small amount of the coal production in the early 1900s was premium smithing coal (as in blacksmith) that was specially processed and delivered in boxcars to customers throughout the United States and Canada. In 1945, Consolidation Coal Company was merged with Pittsburgh Coal Company and its headquarters were moved to Western Pennsylvania. [9]
Soft Coal, Hard Choices: The Economic Welfare of Bituminous Coal Miners, 1890–1930 (1992) Grossman, Jonathan. "The Coal Strike of 1902 – Turning Point in U.S. Policy" Monthly Labor Review October 1975. online; Harvey, Katherine. The Best Dressed Miners: Life and Labor in the Maryland Coal Region, 1835–1910. Cornell University Press, 1993.
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