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Hopi Time opens with a quotation drawn from his extensive field work, which directly challenges Whorf's claim of a lack of temporal terms in the Hopi language: "Then [pu’] indeed, the following day, quite early in the morning at the hour when people pray to the sun, around that time then [pu’] he woke up the girl again."
Whorf's study of Hopi time has been the most widely discussed and criticized example of linguistic relativity. In his analysis he argues that there is a relation between how the Hopi people conceptualize time, how they speak of temporal relations, and the grammar of the Hopi language.
Among Whorf's best-known claims was that Hopi had "no words, grammatical forms, construction or expressions that refer directly to what we call 'time.'" [13] Whorf's statement has been misunderstood [by whom?] to mean that Hopi has no concept of duration or succession of time, but in fact, he meant only that the Hopi have no conception of time ...
For example, Malotki's monumental study of time expressions in Hopi presented many examples that challenged Whorf's "timeless" interpretation of Hopi language and culture, [74] but seemingly failed to address the linguistic relativist argument actually posed by Whorf (i.e. that the understanding of time by native Hopi speakers differed from ...
"The Hopi time controversy is the academic debate about how the Hopi language grammaticalizes the concept of time, and about whether the differences between the ways the English and Hopi languages describe time is an example of linguistic relativity or not". Then it links to the linguistic relativity page. Is there really such a debate at all?
The Benjamin Whorf page explains this better, stating that the "fundamental difference in the understanding of time as a conceptual category among the Hopi" as they lacks nouns that refer to units of time. It explains that Hopi has a system that utilises future and non-future tenses, as opposed to the English distinction between past, present ...
The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis branches out into two theories: linguistic determinism and linguistic relativity. Linguistic determinism is viewed as the stronger form – because language is viewed as a complete barrier, a person is stuck with the perspective that the language enforces – while linguistic relativity is perceived as a weaker form of the theory because language is discussed as a ...
The Standard Average European Sprachbund is most likely the result of ongoing language contact beginning in the time of the Migration Period. [3] Inheritance of the SAE features from Proto-Indo-European can be ruled out because Proto-Indo-European, as currently reconstructed, lacked most of the SAE features. [4]