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The 9×19mm Parabellum (also known as 9mm Luger, 9mm NATO or simply 9mm) is a rimless, centerfire, tapered firearms cartridge. Originally designed by Austrian firearm designer Georg Luger in 1901, [ 6 ] it is widely considered the most popular handgun and submachine gun cartridge due to its low cost, adequate stopping power and extensive ...
All measurements are given in millimeters, followed by the equivalent in inches between parentheses. Ammunition or cartridge specification is usually the "cartridge maximum" specification and may not be the same as the nominally measured dimensions of production, remanufactured, or hand-loaded ammunition. SAAMI and the CIP publish cartridge data.
Speer Gold Dot 124gr 9mm+P in SIG P226 magazines. Overpressure ammunition, commonly designated as +P or +P+ (pronounced Plus-P or Plus-P-Plus), is small arms ammunition that has been loaded to produce a higher internal pressure when fired than is standard for ammunition of its caliber (see internal ballistics), but less than the pressures generated by a proof round.
The SAAMI methodology is widely used in the United States, while C.I.P. is widely used in European C.I.P. member states. While both modern methodologies use piezo pressure transducer sensors to generate pressure readings, differences in the test setup mean that the same pressures will often generate very different readings depending on the ...
Each of the 9mm P.A. cartridge variants are distinguished by a proper color: green, yellow, blue, red, etc. 9mm P.A. ammunitions can be used for different purposes depending on the legislation, these include military training, cinema props, self-defense (rubber bullets can only be used in certain Eastern European countries), dog training, historical re-enactment, holiday or new year ...
The above proof round pressure requirements for the 9 mm and 12.7 mm rounds established by the British Ministry of Defence are higher than the current (2008) C.I.P. proof round pressure requirement legislation for the civilian equivalent 9 mm Parabellum (C.I.P. P max rating 235 MPA / (34,083 psi) and .50 Browning (C.I.P. P max rating 370 MPA ...
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While modern firearms are generally referred to by the name of the cartridge the gun is chambered for, they are still categorized together based on bore diameter. [citation needed] For example, a firearm might be described as a "30 caliber rifle", which could accommodate any of a wide range of cartridges using a roughly 0.30 inches (7.6 mm) projectile; or as a "22 rimfire", referring to any ...