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The denatured molten-salt reactor (DMSR) was an Oak Ridge theoretical design that was never built. Engel et al. 1980 said the project "examined the conceptual feasibility of a molten-salt power reactor fueled with denatured uranium-235 (i.e. with low-enriched uranium) and operated with a minimum of chemical processing."
The Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE) was an experimental molten-salt reactor research reactor at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. This technology was researched through the 1960s, the reactor was constructed by 1964, it went critical in 1965, and was operated until 1969. [ 1 ]
Molten salts (fluoride, chloride, and nitrate) can be used as heat transfer fluids as well as for thermal storage. This thermal storage is used in concentrated solar power plants. [8] [9] Molten-salt reactors are a type of nuclear reactor that uses molten salt(s) as a coolant or as a solvent in which the fissile material is dissolved ...
The nitrate salt is KNO 3-NaNO 2-NaNO 3 (44-49-7 mole %). A supercritical steam Rankine cycle is the selected power cycle. A supercritical steam Rankine cycle is the selected power cycle. The water has a temperature of 1050°F(838.71 K) when it leaves the secondary heat exchanger, and it has a pressure of 3500 psa (24132 kPa).
The initial project completed there was the TMSR-SF0, an electrically-heated (non-fissioning) simulator to aid development of a proposed "SF" (solid fuel, using a molten salt only for cooling) branch of TMSR, as well as to gain operational experience using molten salt more generally. The SF0 has two liquid FLiNaK heat transport loops. [10]
MoltexFLEX is a British nuclear energy company developing small modular molten salt reactors.Their reactor designs, termed "FLEX reactors", are stable salt reactors, and feature a hybrid approach whereby fuel assemblies similar to current light water reactors containing the liquid salt fuel mixture are submerged in a pool of liquid salt coolant.
The power station would contain two 250 MWe small modular reactors. The replaceable reactors are to be removed and replaced every four years. As molten salt reactors, they are designed for the use of fuel in liquid form, which also serves as primary coolant. [4] The fuel would be about 20% enriched uranium tetrafluoride and thorium ...
The SSR design being developed by Moltex Energy Canada Inc. is the Stable Salt Reactor - Wasteburner (SSR-W), which incorporates elements of the molten salt reactor, and aims to have improved safety characteristics (intrinsically safe) and economics (LCOE of $45/MWh USD or less) over traditional light water reactors.