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The home ranges of different groups of animals often overlap, and in these overlap areas the groups tend to avoid each other rather than seeking to confront and expel each other. Within the home range there may be a core area that no other individual group uses, but, again, this is as a result of avoidance.
A home range is the area in which an animal lives and moves on a periodic basis. It is related to the concept of an animal's territory which is the area that is actively defended. The concept of a home range was introduced by W. H. Burt in 1943. He drew maps showing where the animal had been observed at different times.
In the Ivory Coast, the home range of a female was completely enclosed within a male's. [113] Females live with their cubs in home ranges that overlap extensively, probably due to the association between mothers and their offspring. There may be a few other fluctuating home ranges belonging to young individuals.
Home-ranges have wide areas of overlap between individuals, which consist of complex networks of tunnels and runways through vegetation. Home-range variability appears to be related to the size of the animal, sex and water level in the area. [9] C. magna live above ground, and do not retreat into burrows or build nests.
On one extreme is allopatry, in which the overlap is zero (no gene flow), and on the other extreme is sympatry, in which the ranges overlap completely (maximal gene flow). The varying definitions of sympatric speciation fall generally into two categories: definitions based on biogeography, or on population genetics.
They have overlapping home ranges and typically occur at densities around 0.6 animals per square kilometre. [24] Male home ranges average 13 km 2 (5.0 sq mi), while female home ranges average 3–5 km 2 (1.2–1.9 sq mi).
One female adjacent to the San Andres Mountains was found with a big range of 215 km 2 (83 sq mi), necessitated by poor prey abundance. [90] Research has shown cougar abundances from 0.5 animals to as many as seven per 100 km 2 (39 sq mi). [91] Male home ranges include or overlap with females but, at least where studied, not with those of other ...
American marten male pelts often show signs of scarring on the head and shoulders, suggesting intrasexual aggression that may be related to home range maintenance. [28] Home range overlap is generally minimal or nonexistent between adult males [23] [26] [32] but may occur between males and females, [23] [26] adult males and juveniles, [26] [33 ...