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Fault detection, isolation, and recovery (FDIR) is a subfield of control engineering which concerns itself with monitoring a system, identifying when a fault has occurred, and pinpointing the type of fault and its location. Two approaches can be distinguished: A direct pattern recognition of sensor readings that indicate a fault and an analysis ...
Schematic diagram of a typical active fault-tolerant control system. In the nominal, i.e. fault-free situation, the lower control loop operates to meet the control goals. The fault-detection (FDI) module monitors the closed-loop system to detect and isolate faults. The fault estimate is passed to the reconfiguration block, which modifies the ...
This restoration architecture is path-based and failure dependent, and is used after a fault occurs, for fault detection and isolation. This architecture is capacity-efficient due to the use of stub release but has a slow failure recovery time (the time it takes to reestablish traffic continuity after a failure by rerouting the signals on ...
Automatic correction is possible for redundant systems when fault-detection, fault-isolation, and fault-bypass are all automatic. Automatic corrective action is also called Active Recovery and Self Healing. This technique can be used to increase the MTBF to the length of time an item will be required to be used without maintenance.
For each component and failure mode, the ability of the system to detect and report the failure in question is analyzed. One of the following will be entered on each row of the FMECA matrix: Normal: the system correctly indicates a safe condition to the crew; Abnormal: the system correctly indicates a malfunction requiring crew action
Fault reporting is an optional feature that can be forwarded to remote displays using simple configuration setting in all modern computing equipment. The system level of reporting that is appropriate for Condition Based Maintenance are critical, alert, and emergency, which indicate software termination due to failure. Specific failure reporting ...
Failure rate – Frequency with which an engineered system or component fails; Fault tree analysis – Failure analysis system used in safety engineering and reliability engineering; Hazard analysis and critical control points – Systematic preventive approach to food safety; High availability – Systems with high up-time, a.k.a. "always on"
However, many problems only occur as a result of multiple failures or errors. This is particularly true of fault tolerant systems, or those with built-in redundancy. Features that add redundancy, fault detection and failover to a system may also be subject to failure, and enough different component failures in any system will "take it down."