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Conjunctivitis is the most common eye disease. [45] Rates of disease is related to the underlying cause which varies by the age as well as the time of year. Acute conjunctivitis is most frequently found in infants, school-age children and the elderly. [18] The most common cause of infectious conjunctivitis is viral conjunctivitis. [26]
[2] [3] [4] Chronic conjunctivitis such as from tobacco smoke exposure or infection may also lead to the condition. [2] Diagnosis is mostly based on the symptoms, though a number of other tests may be used. [8] Dry eye syndrome occasionally makes wearing contact lenses impossible. [2] Treatment depends on the underlying cause.
Symptoms range from dry eye, epiphora and irritation to localized pain, foreign body sensation, subconjunctival hemorrhage and ulceration. Symptoms are often made worse by vigorous blinking. Symptoms are often made worse by vigorous blinking.
Severe disease is rare in people who are otherwise healthy. [10] Adenovirus infection accounts for up to 10% of respiratory infections in children. [10] Most cases are mild and by the age of 10-years, most children have had at least one adenovirus infection. [2] 75% of conjunctivitis cases are due to adenovirus infection. [13]
The World Health Organization (WHO) publishes a classification of known diseases and injuries, the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, or ICD-10. This list uses that classification.
The development and pathophysiology of SLK is not well understood, but appears to involve microtrauma of keratoconjunctival surfaces. [6] This mechanical hypothesis is supported by the increased lid apposition of exophthalmic thyroid patients, who are known to have an increased incidence of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis.
Adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis, also known as epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, is a contagious eye infection, a type of adenovirus disease caused by adenoviruses. [1] It typically presents as a conjunctivitis with a sudden onset of a painful red eye, watery discharge and feeling that something is in the eye. [3]
Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (caused by including enterovirus 70, coxsackievirus A24 variant, and adenovirus 11) Leptospirosis Subconjunctival bleeding in infants may be associated with scurvy (a vitamin C deficiency), [ 8 ] abuse or traumatic asphyxia syndrome.