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Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae consist of the process of the last lumbar vertebra fusing with the first sacral segment. [1] While only around 10 percent of adults have a spinal abnormality due to genetics, a sixth lumbar vertebra is one of the more common abnormalities. [2] Sacralization of the L5 vertebra is seen at the lower right of the ...
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare neuromuscular disorder that results in the loss of motor neurons and progressive muscle wasting. [3] [4] [5] It is usually diagnosed in infancy or early childhood and if left untreated it is the most common genetic cause of infant death. [6]
Diagnosis of neurogenic claudication is based on typical clinical features, the physical exam, and findings of spinal stenosis on computer tomography (CT) or X-ray imaging. [1] In addition to vascular claudication, diseases affecting the spine and musculoskeletal system should be considered in the differential diagnosis .
Bacteria found in the maternal gastrointestinal or gastrourinary tracts can commonly lead to neonatal infection. Bacterial infections may present as fetal distress at birth (including signs of tachycardia, temperature instability or difficulty breathing), neonatal sepsis, or neonatal meningitis.
Dural ectasia can be asymptomatic, in which case no intervention is necessary. However, it is associated with chronic pain in patients with Marfan syndrome, suggesting it is a structural risk factor. [20] There is no medical consensus on how to manage symptomatic (painful) dural ectasia.
Congenital dermal sinus is an uncommon form of cranial or spinal dysraphism. [2] [3] It occurs in 1 in 2500 live births. [3]It occurs as a dermal indentation, found along the midline of the neuraxis and often presents alongside infection and neurological deficit. [2]
The biggest difference is whether the infant is symptomatic at time of presentation to a health professional. If the infant is still showing symptoms, then the condition is termed an ALTE. In order to be considered a BRUE, the infant should be completely asymptomatic at time of presentation, which is more common.
In Merosin-deficient congenital muscular dystrophy (MDC1A) or LAMA2-related CMD cardiac manifestations are usually asymptomatic. Cardiac manifestations have also been associated with Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2I and LMNA-related CMD. Cardiac manifestations may be secondary to severe thoracic spine deformity as in rigid spine syndrome.