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Pulmonary laceration usually heals quickly after a chest tube is inserted and is usually not associated with major long-term problems. [8] Pulmonary lacerations usually heal within three to five weeks, [12] and lacerations filled with air will commonly heal within one to three weeks but on occasion take longer. [1]
Timing is important to wound healing. Critically, the timing of wound re-epithelialization can decide the outcome of the healing. [11] If the epithelization of tissue over a denuded area is slow, a scar will form over many weeks, or months; [12] [13] If the epithelization of a wounded area is fast, the healing will result in regeneration.
Chronic wounds take a long time to heal and patients can experience chronic wounds for many years. [43] Chronic wound healing may be compromised by coexisting underlying conditions, such as venous valve backflow, peripheral vascular disease, uncontrolled edema and diabetes mellitus.
Once the invading microorganisms have been brought under control, the skin proceeds to heal itself. The ability of the skin to heal even after considerable damage has occurred is due to the presence of stem cells in the dermis and cells in the stratum basale of the epidermis, all of which can generate new tissue.
[1] [3] There are also special considerations to take into effect as given the nature of injuries, there is a higher likelihood that persons with these injuries might be under the influence of drugs which can make it harder to obtain a complete medical history. [8]
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For instance, in wound healing, P21 has been found to allow mammals to heal spontaneously. It even allows some mammals (like mice) to heal wounds without scars. [5] [6] The LIN28 gene also plays a role in wound healing. It is dormant in most mammals. [7] Also, the proteins MG53 and TGF beta 1 play important roles in wound healing. [8]
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