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The hosts file is one of several system facilities that assists in addressing network nodes in a computer network. It is a common part of an operating system's Internet Protocol (IP) implementation, and serves the function of translating human-friendly hostnames into numeric protocol addresses, called IP addresses, that identify and locate a host in an IP network.
If you are looking for a simple, general mechanism for the local specification of IP addresses for specific hostnames (server names), use the HOSTS file, not the LMHOSTS file. The file, if it exists, is read as the LMHOSTS setting file. A sample file (lmhosts.sam) is provided. It contains documentation for manually configuring the file.
I looked at this article to find the location of the "hosts" file. It has a section on that topic, with a chart listing the location for Windows 7, which I use. However, there is no "hosts" file in the directory this article says. The closest thing is a file named "lmhosts.sam".
This is usually a combination of the host's local name with its parent domain's name. For example, en.wikipedia.org consists of a local hostname (en) and the domain name wikipedia.org. This kind of hostname is translated into an IP address via the local hosts file, or the DNS resolver.
Additionally, vendor-provided versions may include the output of other sources of name information, such as host files, and Network Information Service. Some behaviors of nslookup may be modified by the contents of resolv.conf. [3] The Linux version of nslookup is the original BSD version written by Andrew Cherenson. [4]
A common way to attain a reliable DNS host name is by creating an account with a dynamic DNS service. A dynamic DNS service will automatically change the IP address that a URL points to when the IP address changes. [9] Some specific types of hosting provided by web host service providers: File hosting service: hosts files, not web pages
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hosts: files mdns_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns # for ipv4 and ipv6. or hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns # for ipv4 only. This is a configuration choice made by distributions such as Ubuntu/Debian and SuSE and Red Hat, each of which have their own package configuration script that will install the mdns_minimal module as above.