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Spina bifida (SB; /ˌspaɪnə ˈbɪfɪdə/, [9] Latin for 'split spine') [10] is a birth defect in which there is incomplete closing of the spine and the membranes around the spinal cord during early development in pregnancy. [1] There are three main types: spina bifida occulta, meningocele and myelomeningocele. [1]
The vertebra prominens, or C7, has a distinctive long and prominent spinous process, which is palpable from the skin surface. Sometimes, the seventh cervical vertebra is associated with an abnormal extra rib, known as a cervical rib, which develops from the anterior root of the
A typical cervical vertebra. There are seven cervical vertebrae (but eight cervical spinal nerves), designated C1 through C7. These bones are, in general, small and delicate. Their spinous processes are short (with the exception of C2 and C7, which have palpable spinous processes). C1 is also called the atlas, and C2 is also called the axis.
The interspinous ligaments connect the adjoining spinous processes of the vertebrae. [14] [better source needed] The supraspinous ligament extends the length of the spine running along the back of the spinous processes, from the sacrum to the seventh cervical vertebra. [15] From there it is continuous with the nuchal ligament.
A cervical vertebra. (Vertebral foramen is the large hole at the center.) ... In the articulated spine, the successive vertebral foramina of the stacked vertebrae ...
The vertebral canal is enclosed anteriorly by the vertebral bodies, intervertebral discs, and the posterior longitudinal ligament; it is enclosed posteriorly by the vertebral laminae and the ligamenta flava; laterally, it is incompletely enclosed by the pedicles with the interval between two adjacent pedicles on either side creating an intervertebral foramen (allowing the passage of the spinal ...
cervical ribs, fused ribs, omovertebral connections which are fibrous, cartilaginous or bony connection between the superomedial angle of scapula with the spinous process, lamina or transverse process of cervical spine; spina bifida, cleft palate. The left shoulder is more commonly affected, but it can occur bilaterally as well. [1]
The inferior processes or postzygapophysis project downward from a higher vertebra, and their articular surfaces are directed more or less forward and outward. The articular surfaces are coated with hyaline cartilage. In the cervical vertebral column, the articular processes collectively form the articular pillars. These are the bony surfaces ...