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After joining the rebels, he went by the name Zhu Yuanzhang. His father, Zhu Wusi, lived in Nanjing but fled to the countryside to avoid tax collectors. His paternal grandfather was a gold miner, and his maternal grandfather was a fortune-teller and seer. In 1344, during a plague epidemic, Zhu Yuanzhang's parents and two brothers died.
Prior to this, Zhu was the leader of the Red Turbans and had been appointed as the Duke of Wu (吳國公) by the emperor of the rebel Song dynasty, Han Lin'er, in 1361. [4] (Wu was the name of an ancient state and later the region on the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.) On 4 February 1364, Zhu Yuanzhang declared himself the King of Wu ...
In 1363, Zhu Yuanzhang eliminated his archrival and leader of the rebel Han faction, Chen Youliang, in the Battle of Lake Poyang, arguably the largest naval battle in history. Known for its ambitious use of fire ships , Zhu's force of 200,000 Ming sailors were able to defeat a Han rebel force over triple their size, claimed to be 650,000-strong.
Zhu Yuanzhang was a penniless peasant and Buddhist monk who joined the Red Turbans in 1352, but soon gained a reputation after marrying the foster daughter of a rebel commander. [ 12 ] [ 13 ] In 1356 Zhu's rebel force captured the city of Nanjing , [ 14 ] which he would later establish as the capital of the Ming dynasty.
Zhu Yuanzhang sets up a school with a teaching staff of "Erudites" (boshi) [13] 1367: October: Red Turban Rebellion: Zhu Yuanzhang's army under Zhu Liangzi takes Taizhou [14] 1 October: Red Turban Rebellion: Zhu Yuanzhang takes Suzhou and Zhang Shicheng hangs himself; [15] 2,400 large and small cannons are deployed by the Ming army at the siege ...
From then on, Zhu Yuanzhang starts his journey towards becoming an emperor. He earns the support of talented men, such as Xu Da , Chang Yuchun , Lan Yu , Li Shanchang and Liu Bowen , triumphs over his nemesis Chen Youliang at the Battle of Lake Poyang , overthrows the Yuan Dynasty, and finally establishes the Ming dynasty .
Chen attacked Zhu Yuanzhang and was defeated, being ejected from Jiangxi in 1361. Chen made a final attempt at defeating Zhu in 1363, sending a large armada down the Changjiang into Lake Poyang. Chen and Zhu's forces engaged in a long running battle lasting over the summer before Chen was defeated and killed after suffering an arrow wound to ...
Hongwu (Chinese: 洪武; pinyin: Hóngwǔ; Wade–Giles: Hung-wu; lit. 'vastly martial'; 23 January 1368 – 5 February 1399) was the era name (nianhao) of the Hongwu Emperor (reigned 1368–1398), the Chinese emperor who founded the Ming dynasty that ruled China from 1368 to 1644.