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A scotoma may include and enlarge the normal blind spot. Even a small scotoma that happens to affect central or macular vision will produce a severe visual disability, whereas a large scotoma in the more peripheral part of a visual field may go unnoticed by the bearer because of the normal reduced optical resolution in the peripheral visual field.
Symptoms typically appear gradually over 5 to 20 minutes and generally last less than 60 minutes, leading to the headache in classic migraine with aura, or resolving without consequence in acephalgic migraine. [3] For many sufferers, scintillating scotoma is first experienced as a prodrome to migraine, then without migraine later in life ...
Posterior capsular opacification, also known as after-cataract, is a condition in which months or years after successful cataract surgery, vision deteriorates or problems with glare and light scattering recur, usually due to thickening of the back or posterior capsule surrounding the implanted lens, so-called 'posterior lens capsule opacification'.
Aphakia is the absence of the lens of the eye, due to surgical removal, such as in cataract surgery, a perforating wound or ulcer, or congenital anomaly. It causes a loss of ability to maintain focus ( accommodation ), high degree of farsightedness ( hyperopia ), [ 1 ] and a deep anterior chamber .
Vision of humans and other organisms depends on several organs such as the lens of the eye, and any vision correcting devices, which use optics to focus the image. The eyes of many animals contains a lens that focuses the light of its surroundings onto the retina of the eye. This lens is essential to producing clear images within the eye.
Fundus photographs without an interpretation are seen as obsolete. The records should be legible, and contain suitable patient information and clinician details. The interpretation of fundus photographs that are glaucomatous must contain a description of the vertical and horizontal cup to disc ratio, vessel pattern, diffuse or focal pallor ...
Cataracts may lead to index myopia. [78] Form deprivation myopia occurs when the eyesight is deprived by limited illumination and vision range, [79] or the eye is modified with artificial lenses [80] or deprived of clear form vision. [81] In lower vertebrates, this kind of myopia seems to be reversible within short periods of time.
For example, both an ophthalmologist (M.D.) and optometrist (O.D.) are professionals who diagnose eye disease and can prescribe lenses to correct vision. Typically, only ophthalmologists are licensed to perform surgical procedures. Ophthalmologists may also specialize within a surgical area, such as cornea, cataracts, laser, retina, or ...
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