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An 8 ′ stop is said to sound at "unison pitch": the keys on the organ console produce the expected pitch (e.g. the key for middle C causes a middle C pipe to speak), like a piano. In a rank of stopped pipes, the lowest pipe is 4 feet in length but sounds at unison pitch—that is, at the same pitch as an 8 ′ open pipe—so it is known as an ...
This article describes the process and techniques involved in the tuning of a pipe organ. Electronic organs typically do not require tuning. A pipe organ produces sound via hundreds or thousands of organ pipes, each of which produces a single pitch and timbre. The goal of tuning a pipe organ is to adjust the pitch of each pipe so that they all ...
Frequency (Hz) Description Sound file 0 8.17578125 Lowest organ note n/a (fundamental frequency inaudible) 12 16.3515625 Lowest note for tuba, large pipe organs, Bösendorfer Imperial grand piano n/a (fundamental frequency inaudible under average conditions) 24 32.703125 Lowest C on a standard 88-key piano: 36 65.40625 Lowest note for cello: 48 ...
The sound of an organ pipe is made up of a set of harmonics formed by acoustic resonance, with wavelengths that are fractions of the length of the pipe.There are nodes of stationary air, and antinodes of moving air, two of which will be the two ends of an open-ended organ-pipe (the mouth, and the open end at the top). [1]
The pipe organ is a musical instrument that produces sound by driving pressurised air (called wind) through the organ pipes selected from a keyboard.Because each pipe produces a single pitch, the pipes are provided in sets called ranks, each of which has a common timbre, volume, and construction throughout the keyboard compass.
f = fundamental frequency; v = the speed of sound; l = the length of the pipe; If v is assumed to be 343 m/s (the speed of sound at sea level, with temperature of 20 °C), and the pipe length l is assumed to be eight feet (2.44 m), then the formula yields the value of 70.4 hertz (Hz; cycles per second). This is not far from the pitch of the C ...
Digital organs sold since the 1970s utilize additive synthesis, then sampling technology (1980s) and physical modelling synthesis (1990s) are also utilized to produce the sound. Virtual pipe organs use MIDI to access samples of real pipe organs stored on a computer, as opposed to digital organs that use DSP and processor hardware inside a ...
The frequency of sound produced by an organ pipe depends on its geometry and the speed of sound in the air within it. These change slightly with temperature and humidity, so the pitch of an organ pipe will change slightly as the environment changes. The pitch of the electronic portion of a hybrid instrument must be re-tuned as needed.