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Species of origin is designated with a three-letter prefix, e.g., hsa-miR-124 is a human (Homo sapiens) miRNA and oar-miR-124 is a sheep (Ovis aries) miRNA. Other common prefixes include "v" for viral (miRNA encoded by a viral genome) and "d" for Drosophila miRNA (a fruit fly commonly studied in genetic research).
let-7 was later identified in humans as the first human miRNA , and is highly conserved across many species. [3] [4] Dysregulation of let-7 contributes to cancer development in humans by preventing differentiation of cells, leaving them stuck in a stem-cell like state. [1] let-7 is therefore classified as a tumor suppressor.
A database of inverse miRNA target predictions, based on the RepTar algorithm that is independent of evolutionary conservation considerations and is not limited to seed pairing sites. database: website [17] RNA22: The first link (predictions) provides RNA22 predictions for all protein coding transcripts in human, mouse, roundworm, and fruit fly.
miRNA: Gene regulation: Most eukaryotes [14] Piwi-interacting RNA: piRNA: Transposon defense, maybe other functions: Most animals [15] [16] Small interfering RNA: siRNA: Gene regulation: Most eukaryotes [17] Short hairpin RNA: shRNA: Gene regulation: Most eukaryotes [18] Trans-acting siRNA: tasiRNA: Gene regulation: Land plants [19] Repeat ...
The presence of miR-10 has been detected in a diverse range of bilaterian animals. It is one of the most widely distributed microRNAs in animals, it has been identified in numerous species including human, dog, cat, horse, cow, guinea pig, mouse, rat, common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii ...
Drosha is a Class 2 ribonuclease III enzyme [5] that in humans is encoded by the DROSHA (formerly RNASEN) gene. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] It is the primary nuclease that executes the initiation step of miRNA processing in the nucleus.
p53-deficient human gastric cancer cells, restoration of functional miR-34 inhibits cell growth and induces chemosensitization and apoptosis, indicating that miR-34 may restore p53 function. Restoration of miR-34 inhibits tumorsphere formation and growth, which is reported to be correlated to the self-renewal of cancer stem cells.
Many mammalian genomes encode four closely related miR-29 precursors that are transcribed in two transcriptional units. For example, human miR-29a and miR-29b-1 are processed from an intron of a long non-coding transcript pri-miRNA (lnc-pri-miRNA) LOC646329 from chromosome 7. miR-29b-2 (identical in sequence to miR-29b-1) and miR-29c are co-transcribed from chromosome 1.