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In phonetics, vowel roundedness is the amount of rounding in the lips during the articulation of a vowel. It is labialization of a vowel. When a rounded vowel is pronounced, the lips form a circular opening, and unrounded vowels are pronounced with the lips relaxed. In most languages, front vowels tend to be unrounded, and back vowels tend
name height backness roundness IPA number IPA text IPA image Entity X-SAMPA Sound sample Close front unrounded vowel: close: front: unrounded: 301: i i i Sound sample
open-mid central rounded vowel [ɞ] (older publications may use ɔ̈ ) near-open central vowel with ambiguous rounding [ɐ] (typically used for an unrounded vowel; if precision is desired, ɜ̞ may be used for an unrounded vowel and ɞ̞ for a rounded vowel) There also are central vowels that do not have dedicated symbols in the IPA:
Within the chart “close”, “open”, “mid”, “front”, “central”, and “back” refer to the placement of the sound within the mouth. [3] At points where two sounds share an intersection, the left is unrounded, and the right is rounded which refers to the shape of the lips while making the sound. [4]
These eight vowels are known as the eight 'primary cardinal vowels', and vowels like these are common in the world's languages. The lip positions can be reversed with the lip position for the corresponding vowel on the opposite side of the front-back dimension, so that e.g. Cardinal 1 can be produced with rounding somewhat similar to that of ...
More rounded ʷ: Labialized ̃: Nasalized ̜ ͑ ˓ Less rounded ʲ: Palatalized ⁿ: Nasal release ̟ ˖ Advanced ˠ: Velarized ˡ: Lateral release ̠ ˗ Retracted ˤ: Pharyngealized ̚: No audible release ̈: Centralized ̴: Velarized or pharyngealized ᵊ: Mid central vowel release ̽: Mid-centralized ̝ ˔ Raised ᶿ
The close central protruded vowel is typically transcribed in IPA simply as ʉ , and that is the convention used in this article. As there is no dedicated diacritic for protrusion in the IPA, symbol for the close central rounded vowel with an old diacritic for labialization, ̫ , can be used as an ad hoc symbol ʉ̫ for the close central protruded vowel.
open-mid central unrounded vowel: English bird: a: a~ä: open front unrounded vowel/ open central unrounded vowel: Spanish barra, French bateau, German Haar, Italian pazzo} ʉ: close central rounded vowel: Scottish English pool, Swedish sju: 8: ɵ: close-mid central rounded vowel: Swedish kust & ɶ: open front rounded vowel: Swedish öra: M: ɯ ...
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