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In computing, tar is a computer software utility for collecting many files into one archive file, often referred to as a tarball, for distribution or backup purposes. The name is derived from "tape archive", as it was originally developed to write data to sequential I/O devices with no file system of their own, such as devices that use magnetic tape.
The "tarball" format combines tar archives with a file-based compression scheme (usually gzip). Commonly used for source and binary distribution on Unix-like platforms, widely available elsewhere. Xarchiver supports the .tar.zst Archive/Compression format on Unix-like platforms. .uc .uc0 .uc2 .ucn .ur2 .ue2 UltraCompressor II DOS: DOS
In computing, solid compression is a method for data compression of multiple files, wherein all the uncompressed files are concatenated and treated as a single data block. Such an archive is called a solid archive. It is used natively in the 7z [1] and RAR [2] formats, as well as indirectly in tar-based formats such as .tar.gz and .tar.bz2.
tar.z compressed file (often tar zip) using Lempel-Ziv-Welch algorithm 1F A0 ␟⍽ 0 z tar.z Compressed file (often tar zip) using LZH algorithm 2D 68 6C 30 2D-lh0-2 lzh Lempel Ziv Huffman archive file Method 0 (No compression) 2D 68 6C 35 2D-lh5-2 lzh Lempel Ziv Huffman archive file Method 5 (8 KiB sliding window) 42 41 43 4B 4D 49 4B 45 44 ...
.bak, .bk – Bak file various backup formats: some just copies of data files, some in application-specific data backup formats, some formats for general file backup programs BIN – binary data, often memory dumps of executable code or data to be re-used by the same software that originated it
Files compressed by compress are typically given the extension ".Z" (modeled after the earlier pack program which used the extension ".z"). Most tar programs will pipe their data through compress when given the command line option "-Z". (The tar program in its own does not compress; it just stores multiple files within one tape archive.)
Archive files are particularly useful in that they store file system data and metadata within the contents of a particular file, and thus can be stored on systems or sent over channels that do not support the file system in question, only file contents – examples include sending a directory structure over email, files with names unsupported on the target file system due to length or ...
The operating systems the archivers can run on without emulation or compatibility layer. Ubuntu's own GUI Archive manager, for example, can open and create many archive formats (including Rar archives) even to the extent of splitting into parts and encryption and ability to be read by the native program.