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Instead, the half step was avoided in clausulae because it lacked clarity as an interval." [13] Dramatic chromatic scale in the opening measures of Luca Marenzio's Solo e pensoso, ca. 1580. However, beginning in the 13th century cadences begin to require motion in one voice by half step and the other a whole step in contrary motion. [13]
That means that, in A aeolian (or A minor), a scale would be played beginning in A, move up a whole step (two piano keys) to B, move up a half step (one piano key) to C, then up a whole step to D, a whole step to E, a half step to F, a whole step to G, and a final whole step to a high A.
A step, or conjunct motion, [21] is a linear interval between two consecutive notes of a scale. Any larger interval is called a skip (also called a leap ), or disjunct motion . [ 21 ] In the diatonic scale , [ b ] a step is either a minor second (sometimes also called half step ) or major second (sometimes also called whole step ), with all ...
For example, C to D (major second) is a step, whereas C to E (major third) is a skip. More generally, a step is a smaller or narrower interval in a musical line, and a skip is a wider or larger interval with the categorization of intervals into steps and skips is determined by the tuning system and the pitch space used.
The chromatic scale is a musical scale with twelve pitches, each a semitone, also known as a half-step, above or below its adjacent pitches. As a result, in 12-tone equal temperament (the most common tuning in Western music), the chromatic scale covers all 12 of the available pitches. Thus, there is only one chromatic scale.
The two modes are sometimes referred to as the half-step/whole step diminished scale and the whole step/half-step diminished scale. [10] Because it was associated in the early 20th century with the Dutch composer Willem Pijper, in the Netherlands it is called the Pijper scale. [11]
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For instance, in a chromatic scale each scale step represents a semitone interval, while a major scale is defined by the interval pattern W–W–H–W–W–W–H, where W stands for whole step (an interval spanning two semitones, e.g. from C to D), and H stands for half-step (e.g. from C to D ♭).
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