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Gauge blocks wrung together and held horizontally. The blocks are held together solely by the adhesion of their extremely flat surfaces, which is so strong that it easily supports their weight. Optical contact bonding is a glueless process whereby two closely conformal surfaces are joined, being held purely by intermolecular forces.
Gauge blocks (also known as gage blocks, Johansson gauges, slip gauges, or Jo blocks) are a system for producing precision lengths. The individual gauge block is a metal or ceramic block that has been precision ground and lapped to a specific thickness. Gauge blocks come in sets of blocks with a range of standard lengths.
Parallels that have a good surface tolerance can be lightly bonded together by sliding or rotating two parallels together, and the smooth surfaces allows a temporary molecular-attraction to take place - this is known as wringing and is also found with gauge blocks.
The physics of wringing (to the extent that it is understood) is also discussed at gauge block > wringing. I added a cross-reference. — ¾-10 22:16, 23 October 2014 (UTC) Thanks. That is helpful. Of course, the difference here being that flats are usually cleaned very thoroughly and allowed to wring naturally. (Usually, but not always.)
Wringing may refer to: Wringing (gauge blocks) , the temporary attachment of gauge blocks to each other Wringer, a device that extracts liquid by action of twisting or squeezing (see: mangle (machine) )
English: Photo of 36 Johansson gauge blocks wrung together and held horizontally, from a 1907 toolmaking book. The blocks are held together solely by the adhesion of their extremely flat surfaces, which is so strong that it easily supports their weight. Caption of photo: "Thirty-six gages wrung together and held horizontally".
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[citation needed] This method does not rely other flat reference surfaces or other precision instruments, and thus solves the bootstrapping problem of how to create the first precise flat surface. Up until his introduction of the scraping technique, the same three plate method was employed using polishing techniques, giving less accurate results.