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As ancient civilizations began to appear in southern and western Europe, the cultures of the area of present-day Poland were influenced by them to various degrees. Among the peoples that inhabited various parts of Poland up to the Iron Age stage of development were Scythian, Celtic, Germanic, Sarmatian, Roman, Avar, Vlach and Baltic tribes.
The history of Poland spans over a thousand years, from medieval tribes, Christianization and monarchy; through Poland's Golden Age, expansionism and becoming one of the largest European powers; to its collapse and partitions, two world wars, communism, and the restoration of democracy.
Poland in antiquity was characterized by peoples from various archeological cultures living in and migrating through various parts of what is now Poland, from about 400 BC to 450–500 AD. These people are identified as Slavs , Celts , Germanic peoples , Balts , Thracians , Avars , and Scythians .
The name "Poland" is derived from the most powerful of the tribes — the Polans. Their name, in turn, derives from the word pole — field, and translates as "Men of the fields". [3] It was also used for the eastern Polans, a perhaps unrelated East Slavic tribe that lived in the region of the Dnieper River in Eastern Europe.
This is a timeline of Polish history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Poland and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Poland .
The origins of the Slavic peoples, who arrived on Polish lands at the outset of the Middle Ages as representatives of the Prague culture, go back to the Kyiv culture, which formed beginning early in the 3rd century AD and is genetically derived from the Post-Zarubintsy cultural horizon (Rakhny–Ljutez–Pochep material culture sphere) [10] and itself was one of the later post-Zarubintsy ...
The period of rule by the Piast dynasty between the 10th and 14th centuries is the first major stage of the history of the Polish state.The dynasty was founded by a series of dukes listed by the chronicler Gall Anonymous in the early 12th century: Siemowit, Lestek and Siemomysł.
Orawa (Polish: Orawa), small part in southern Poland, remainder in Slovakia, including the largest town Dolný Kubín. Formerly entirely part of Poland. Coat of arms of Kłodzko Land. Kłodzko Land (Polish: Ziemia kłodzka) in south-western Poland, named after the historical capital and largest town Kłodzko. Periodically under Polish rule in ...