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Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the volume of fluid filtered from the renal (kidney) glomerular capillaries into the Bowman's capsule per unit time. [4] Central to the physiologic maintenance of GFR is the differential basal tone of the afferent (input) and efferent (output) arterioles (see diagram).
The above formula only applies for GFR calculation when it is equal to the clearance rate. The normal range of GFR, adjusted for body surface area , is 100–130 average 125 (mL/min)/(1.73 m 2 ) in men and 90–120 (mL/min)/(1.73 m 2 ) in women younger than the age of 40.
In renal physiology, the filtration fraction is the ratio of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) over the renal plasma flow (RPF). Filtration Fraction, FF = GFR/RPF, or =. The filtration fraction, therefore, represents the proportion of the fluid reaching the kidneys that passes into the renal tubules. It is normally about 20%.
Para-aminohippurate (PAH) clearance is a method used in renal physiology to measure renal plasma flow, which is a measure of renal function. [citation needed]PAH is completely removed from blood that passes through the kidneys (PAH undergoes both glomerular filtration and tubular secretion), and therefore the rate at which the kidneys can clear PAH from the blood reflects total renal plasma flow.
This is the numerator in the equation. The denominator is the total amount of sodium filtered by the kidneys. This is calculated by multiplying the plasma sodium concentration by the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) calculated using creatinine filtration. The flow rates then cancel out, simplifying to the standard equation: [1]
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Levey is known for developing the most widely used equations to estimate GFR (renal function) globally.He pioneered work with the MDRD Study Equation, [1] led the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI), which pooled measured kidney function CKD data from studies all over the world to develop equations to estimate kidney function from serum creatinine, cystatin C, and ...
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