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Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic medication used to treat certain bacterial infections. [7] It is administered intravenously (injection into a vein) to treat complicated skin infections, bloodstream infections, endocarditis, bone and joint infections, and meningitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. [8]
TMP/SMX is commonly used due to its ability to achieve high concentrations in urinary tract tissues and urine. This antibiotic combination demonstrates notable efficacy in both the treatment and prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infections. [12] Common adverse effects include nausea, vomiting, rash,pruritus, and photosensitivity. [26]
Nitrofurantoin, sold under the brand name Macrobid among others, is an antibacterial medication of the nitrofuran class used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs), although it is not as effective for kidney infections. [16] It is taken by mouth. [16] Common side effects include nausea, loss of appetite, diarrhea, and headaches. [16]
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects a part of the urinary tract. [1] Lower urinary tract infections may involve the bladder ( cystitis ) or urethra ( urethritis ) while upper urinary tract infections affect the kidney ( pyelonephritis ). [ 10 ]
Antibiotics are known to disrupt the gut, urinary tract, and vaginal microbiota. [14] This has been associated with increased risk of recurrent UTIs. [14] Methenamine has been limitedly studied in this regard, but was found in one small study to preserve urinary microbial diversity. [14]
Complicated urinary tract infections [ edit ] A 2015 systematic review found little evidence that would support the identification of a best antimicrobial regimen for complicated urinary tract infections , but identified three high-quality trials supporting high cure rates with doripenem, including in patients with levofloxacin -resistant E ...