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Spirituals (also known as Negro spirituals, African American spirituals, [1] Black spirituals, or spiritual music) is a genre of Christian music that is associated with African Americans, [2] [3] [4] which merged varied African cultural influences with the experiences of being held in bondage in slavery, at first during the transatlantic slave trade [5] and for centuries afterwards, through ...
The "Zelanti" or "Spirituals" felt that this abrogated the spirit of the founder, and believed a restricted use of property was more in keeping with the rule. The differences were not fully adjusted nor was unity ever completely restored between the Spirituals and the main body of the order, the Community.
Consequently, many early participants in spiritualism were radical Quakers and others involved in the mid-nineteenth-century reforming movement. These reformers were uncomfortable with the more mainstream churches because those churches did little to fight slavery and even less to advance the cause of women's rights. [3]
Margaret Allison Bonds (March 3, 1913 – April 26, 1972) [1] was an American composer, pianist, arranger, and teacher.One of the first Black composers and performers to gain recognition in the United States, she is best remembered today for her popular arrangements of African-American spirituals and frequent collaborations with Langston Hughes. [2]
Among the most notable spirituals were "Swing Low, Sweet Chariot," "Steal Away to Jesus," and "Roll, Jordan, Roll." [1] [4] In 1871, reverend Reid shared these songs with the Fisk Jubilee Singers. The Jubilee Singers incorporated the Willis' compositions into their performances, which were heard throughout the United States and Europe. [4]
Ella Sheppard, singer, pianist, arranger of spirituals, and matriarch of the original Fisk Jubilee Singers. Ella Sheppard (February 4, 1851 – June 9, 1914) was an American soprano, pianist, composer, and arranger of spirituals. She was the matriarch of the original Fisk Jubilee Singers of Nashville, Tennessee.
The most important American antecedent of the blues was the spiritual, a form of religious song with its roots in the camp meetings of the Great Awakening of the early 19th century. Spirituals were a passionate song form, that "convey(ed) to listeners the same feeling of rootlessness and misery" as the blues. [5]
Spiritual church movement, a religious movement with historically African American membership and Christian forms of worship that developed in the United States in the wake of the expulsion of black members from primarily white Spiritualist denominations; Spiritualism (beliefs), the belief that spirits of the dead can communicate with the living