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This helicase is located on the X chromosome (Xq13.1-q21.1), in the pericentromeric heterochromatin and binds to heterochromatin protein 1. [ 31 ] [ 33 ] Studies have shown that ATRX plays a role in rDNA methylation and is essential for embryonic development. [ 35 ]
The red blood cell form is coded by a gene on chromosome X, whereas the other form is coded by a gene on chromosome 3. The disease X-linked sideroblastic anemia is caused by mutations in the ALA synthase gene on chromosome X, whereas no diseases are known to be caused by mutations in the other gene. Gain of function mutations in the erythroid ...
Deoxyribonuclease-1-like 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DNASE1L1 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] It is also known as DNaseX due to its localisation on the X chromosome . [ 8 ]
In this diagram of a duplicated chromosome, (2) identifies the centromere—the region that joins the two sister chromatids, or each half of the chromosome. In prophase of mitosis, specialized regions on centromeres called kinetochores attach chromosomes to spindle fibers. The centromere links a pair of sister chromatids together during cell ...
The Acyl-CoA thioesterase 9 protein is estimated to be 60.9% mitochondrial, 21.7% cytoplasmic, 8.7% nuclear, 4.3% in the plasma membrane, and 4.3% in the endoplasmic reticulum. [ 26 ] The ACOT9 protein has been found to interact with the following proteins either experimentally or through co-expression: [ 27 ]
Crossing over occurs between prophase I and metaphase I and is the process where two homologous non-sister chromatids pair up with each other and exchange different segments of genetic material to form two recombinant chromosome sister chromatids. It can also happen during mitotic division, [1] which may
General model for duplication of heterochromatin during cell division Microscopy of heterochromatic versus euchromatic nuclei ().. Heterochromatin has been associated with several functions, from gene regulation to the protection of chromosome integrity; [13] some of these roles can be attributed to the dense packing of DNA, which makes it less accessible to protein factors that usually bind ...
The antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) belongs to the family of glutathione peroxidases, which consists of 8 known mammalian isoenzymes (GPX1–8).GPX4 catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, organic hydroperoxides, and lipid peroxides at the expense of reduced glutathione and functions in the protection of cells against oxidative stress.