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Russian federal control was restored in the Second Chechen War of 1999–2009, with Chechen politics being dominated by the former Ichkerian mufti Akhmad Kadyrov, and later his son Ramzan Kadyrov. The republic covers an area of 17,300 square kilometres (6,700 square miles), with a population of over 1.5 million residents as of 2021. [4]
There are also small Christian and atheist minorities, although their numbers are unknown in Chechnya; in Kazakhstan, they are roughly 3% and 2% of the Chechen population respectively. [110] A Chechen man prays during the Battle of Grozny. The flame in the background is from a gas line hit by shrapnel. (January 1995)
The First Chechen War began in December 1994, when Russian troops were sent to Chechnya to fight the separatist forces. [51] During the Battle of Grozny (1994–95), the city's population dropped from 400,000 to 140,000. [52]
The district library in Achkhoy-Martan has around 70,000 books. The village also hosts nine secondary schools, an eight-year school, three kindergartens, and a youth center. Prior to the outbreak of hostilities, a boarding school was also present in Achkhoy-Martan. The village also hosts a mosque.
The national 1 July, mid-year population estimates (usually based on past national censuses) supplied in these tables are given in thousands. The retrospective figures use the present-day names and world political division: for example, the table gives data for each of the 15 republics of the former Soviet Union, as if they had already been independent in 1950.
Historian William Flemming released calculations giving a minimum of 132,000 Chechens and Ingush who died between 1944 and 1950. In comparison, their number of births in that period was only 47,000. Thus, the Chechen and ingush population fell from 478,479 in 1944 to 452,737 in 1948. [35] From 1939 to 1959, the Chechen population grew by 2.5%.
The Islamic regions of Chechnya and Dagestan were subjugated by the Russian Empire in the 19th century, shortly after Ukraine was also brought under the control of the czars in St. Petersburg.
1985 – Population: 393,000. [9] 1991 City becomes capital of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria. Beslan Gantemirov becomes mayor. [10] Lenin Square renamed "Sheikh Mansur Square." 9 November: Pro-Chechnya demonstration at Freedom Square. [11] 1993 – 15 April: Demonstration against Dzhokhar Dudayev. [12] 1994 13 June: Conflict. [13]