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An instruction set architecture is distinguished from a microarchitecture, which is the set of processor design techniques used, in a particular processor, to implement the instruction set. Processors with different microarchitectures can share a common instruction set.
An instruction set architecture (ISA) is an abstract model of a computer, also referred to as computer architecture.A realization of an ISA is called an implementation.An ISA permits multiple implementations that may vary in performance, physical size, and monetary cost (among other things); because the ISA serves as the interface between software and hardware.
Minimal instruction set computer (MISC) is a central processing unit (CPU) architecture, usually in the form of a microprocessor, with a very small number of basic operations and corresponding opcodes, together forming an instruction set. Such sets are commonly stack-based rather than register-based to reduce the size of operand specifiers.
The x86 instruction set refers to the set of instructions that x86-compatible microprocessors support. The instructions are usually part of an executable program, often stored as a computer file and executed on the processor. The x86 instruction set has been extended several times, introducing wider registers and datatypes as well as new ...
A complex instruction set computer (CISC / ˈ s ɪ s k /) is a computer architecture in which single instructions can execute several low-level operations (such as a load from memory, an arithmetic operation, and a memory store) or are capable of multi-step operations or addressing modes within single instructions.
OpenRISC, an open instruction set and micro-architecture first introduced in 2000. Open MIPS architecture, for part of 2019 the specifications were free to use, royalty free, for registered MIPS developers. [67] OpenSPARC, in 2005, Sun released its Ultra Sparc documentation and specifications, under the GPLv2.
[2]: 55 OISCs have been recommended as aids in teaching computer architecture [1]: 327 [2]: 2 and have been used as computational models in structural computing research. [3] The first carbon nanotube computer is a 1-bit one-instruction set computer (and has only 178 transistors). [4]
The PDP-11 architecture [1] is a 16-bit CISC instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). It is implemented by central processing units (CPUs) and microprocessors used in PDP-11 minicomputers. It was in wide use during the 1970s, but was eventually overshadowed by the more powerful VAX architecture in the ...