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  2. Vacuum evaporation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_evaporation

    The vacuum evaporation treatment process consists of reducing the interior pressure of the evaporation chamber below atmospheric pressure. This reduces the boiling point of the liquid to be evaporated, thereby reducing or eliminating the need for heat in both the boiling and condensation processes.

  3. Leidenfrost effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leidenfrost_effect

    Leidenfrost droplet Demonstration of the Leidenfrost effect Leidenfrost effect of a single drop of water. The Leidenfrost effect is a physical phenomenon in which a liquid, close to a solid surface of another body that is significantly hotter than the liquid's boiling point, produces an insulating vapor layer that keeps the liquid from boiling rapidly.

  4. Mpemba effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mpemba_effect

    Evaporation: The evaporation of the warmer water reduces the mass of the water to be frozen. [22] Evaporation is endothermic, meaning that the water mass is cooled by vapor carrying away the heat, but this alone probably does not account for the entirety of the effect. [5] Convection, accelerating heat transfers: Reduction of water density ...

  5. Vacuum cooling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_cooling

    Vacuum cooling is a rapid cooling technique for any porous product that has free water and uses the principle of evaporative cooling.Vacuum cooling is generally used for cooling food products that have a high water content and large porosities, due to its efficacy in losing water from both within and outside the products.

  6. Evaporation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaporation

    Evaporation is an essential part of the water cycle. The sun (solar energy) drives evaporation of water from oceans, lakes, moisture in the soil, and other sources of water. In hydrology, evaporation and transpiration (which involves evaporation within plant stomata) are collectively termed evapotranspiration. Evaporation of water occurs when ...

  7. Evaporator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaporator

    Typically, the vapor is passed over a cold finger or coil so that the vaporized material does not damage the pump. The rotary evaporator is best used for removing solvent from solutions containing the desired product that will not vaporize at the operating pressure to separate the volatile components of a mixture from non-volatile materials.

  8. Multiple-effect evaporator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple-effect_evaporator

    Water is boiled in a sequence of vessels, each held at a lower pressure than the last. Because the boiling temperature of water decreases as pressure decreases, the vapor boiled off in one vessel can be used to heat the next, and only the first vessel (at the highest pressure) requires an external source of heat.

  9. Zeotropic mixture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeotropic_mixture

    For example, a zeotropic mixture ABC can be first separated into A and BC before separating BC to B and C. [14] On the other hand, mixture ABC can be first separated into AB and C, and AB can lastly be separated into A and B. [14] These two configurations are sharp-split configurations in which the intermediate boiling substance does not ...