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Tabular cross-bedding, or planar bedding consists of cross-bedded units that are extensive horizontally relative to the set thickness and that have essentially planar bounding surfaces. [3] Trough cross-bedding, on the other hand, consists of cross-bedded units in which the bounding surfaces are curved, and hence limited in horizontal extent.
These structures are within sedimentary bedding and can help with the interpretation of depositional environment and paleocurrent directions. They are formed when the sediment is deposited. Cross-bedding Cross-bedding is the layering of beds deposited by wind or water inclined at an angle as much as 35° from the horizontal. [1]
Cross-bedding in Zion National Park, Utah.Both the tangential bases on the cross beds and the truncations of overlying layers can be used as a way up indicator. A dinosaur footprint preserved in positive relief is a trace fossil indicating the bottom (or sole) of the bed (Lower Jurassic Moenave Formation, southwestern Utah).
Very small cross-lamination means that the ripple height is roughly one centimeter. It is lenticular, wavy and flaser lamination. Small Small cross-bedding are ripples set at a height less than ten centimeters, while the thickness is only a few millimeters. Some ripples that may fit this category are wind ripples, wave ripples, and current ripples.
Hummocky cross-stratification from the Book Cliffs, Utah. Hummocky cross-stratification from the Arisag Formation (Silurian), Nova Scotia. Hummocky cross-stratification is a type of sedimentary structure found in sandstones. It is a form of cross-bedding usually formed by the action of large storms, such as hurricanes. It takes the form of a ...
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A bedding surface is three-dimensional surface, planar or curved, that visibly separates each successive bed (of the same or different lithology) from the preceding or following bed. Where bedding surfaces occur as cross-sections, e.g., in a 2-dimensional vertical cliff face of horizontal strata, are often referred to as bedding contacts .
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