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  2. Genetic causes of type 2 diabetes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_causes_of_type_2...

    However, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is one of many mechanisms that leads to increased risk for type 2 diabetes. To locate genes and loci that are responsible for the risk of type 2 diabetes, genome wide association studies (GWAS) was utilized to compare the genomes of diabetic patient group and the non-diabetic control group. [4]

  3. Epigenetics of diabetes type 2 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetics_of_diabetes_Type_2

    The PPARGC1A gene regulates genes involved in energy metabolism. [1] [2] Since type 2 diabetes is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia as a result of impaired pancreatic beta cell function [3] and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues, [4] it was thought that the gene might be downregulated in type 2 diabetes patients through DNA methylation.

  4. Maturity-onset diabetes of the young - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maturity-onset_diabetes_of...

    Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) refers to any of several hereditary forms of diabetes mellitus caused by mutations in an autosomal dominant gene disrupting insulin production. [1] Along with neonatal diabetes , MODY is a form of the conditions known as monogenic diabetes.

  5. IDDM11 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IDDM11

    IDDM11 (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 11) is one of the susceptibility genes for IDDM which locates on chromosome 14q24.3-q31. [ 2 ] [ 6 ] This loci is identified by linkage to D14S67 marker via a sibling-pair linkage analysis [ 2 ] [ 6 ] Based on the previous study, the biological behavior of IDDM11is different to HLA region genes so ...

  6. Type 2 diabetes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_2_diabetes

    Type 2 diabetes makes up about 90% of cases of diabetes, with the other 10% due primarily to type 1 diabetes and gestational diabetes. [1] In type 1 diabetes, there is a lower total level of insulin to control blood glucose, due to an autoimmune -induced loss of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas .

  7. Glucokinase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucokinase

    Mutations of the gene for this enzyme can cause unusual forms of diabetes or hypoglycemia. Glucokinase (GK) is a hexokinase isozyme , related homologously to at least three other hexokinases. [ 4 ] All of the hexokinases can mediate phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), which is the first step of both glycogen synthesis and ...

  8. Thrifty gene hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrifty_gene_hypothesis

    Prentice et al. [17] predicted that the emerging molecular genetics field would ultimately provide a way to test between the adaptive 'thrifty gene' idea and the non-adaptive 'drifty gene' idea because it would be possible to find signatures of positive selection in the human genome, at genes that are linked to both obesity and type 2 diabetes ...

  9. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucagon-like_peptide-1...

    The health of the nervous system is related to metabolic health, thus a diabetes medication as a Huntington's disease treatment is a potential treatment. Ex-4 easily crosses the blood-brain barrier and GLP-1 and Ex-4 have been shown to act on neurons in the brain by exerting neuroprotective actions.

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