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Fake news websites are those which intentionally, but not necessarily solely, publish hoaxes and disinformation for purposes other than news satire. Some of these sites use homograph spoofing attacks , typosquatting and other deceptive strategies similar to those used in phishing attacks to resemble genuine news outlets.
Fake news websites deliberately publish hoaxes, propaganda, and disinformation to drive web traffic inflamed by social media. [8] [9] [10] These sites are distinguished from news satire as fake news articles are usually fabricated to deliberately mislead readers, either for profit or more ambiguous reasons, such as disinformation campaigns.
Multiple strategies need to be tailored to individual types of fake news, depending for example on whether the fake news is deliberately produced, or rather unintentionally or unconsciously produced. Considerable resources are available to combat fake news. Regular summaries of current events and research are available on the websites and email ...
Twitter is one of the most concentrated platforms for engagement with political fake news. 80% of fake news sources are shared by 0.1% of users, who are "super-sharers". Older, more conservative social users are also more likely to interact with fake news. [ 152 ]
Fake news online was brought to the attention of Canadian politicians in November 2016, as they debated helping assist local newspapers. [124] Member of Parliament for Vancouver Centre Hedy Fry specifically discussed fake news as an example of ways in which publishers on the Internet are less accountable than print media. [124]
Media-literacy tips – Specific strategies for spotting false news, such as those used in Facebook's 2017 "Tips to Spot False News" (e.g. "be sceptical of headlines", "look closely at the URL") can help users to better discriminate between real and fake news stories.
Additionally, researchers from Stanford, NYU, and NBER found evidence to show how engagement with fake news on Facebook and Twitter was high throughout 2016. [75] Recently, a lot of work has gone into helping detect and identify fake news through machine learning and artificial intelligence.
In 1762, the Grand Assembly of Virginia enacted the following law to punish "divulgers of false news.". Be it enacted, That what person or persons soever shall forge and divulge such false reports, tending to the trouble of the country, shall be, by next Justice of the Peace, sent for, and bound over to the next County Court, where, if he produce not the author, he shall be fined two thousand ...