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Jōe (浄衣, sometimes translated as "pure cloth") is a garment worn in Japan by people attending religious ceremonies and activities, including Buddhist and Shinto related occasions. The jōe is essentially a white kariginu , traditional hunting robes worn by nobles during the Heian period .
A yukata (浴衣, lit. ' bathrobe ') is an unlined cotton summer kimono, [1] worn in casual settings such as summer festivals and to nearby bathhouses. The name is translated literally as "bathing cloth" and yukata originally were worn as bathrobes; their modern use is much broader, and are a common sight in Japan during summer.
Originally, these robes were made of cast-off or donated material because monks lived ascetic lifestyles. [1] The dyes were used to distinguish their common clothing from other people. [2] In Sanskrit and Pali, these robes are also given the more general term cīvara, which references the robes without regard to color.
The uchiginu: a scarlet beaten silk robe worn as a stiffener and support for the outer robes. The uwagi: a patterned and decorated silk robe, typically with woven decoration, both shorter and narrower than the uchiginu. The colour and fabric used for the uwagi indicate the rank of the wearer. The karaginu: a waist-length Chinese style jacket.
In Japan, the Roman Catholic mission began in August 1549, Protestant mission - in 1859, Eastern Orthodox mission - 1861. [ 2 ] Each different mission founded their churches, determined terms in Japanese, and translated the Bible and other religious books, whose activities are almost separately by denominations.
The Japanese kesa are also made of patchwork (割截衣; kassetsue) which can be composed of five, seven, nine, or more panels of fabric sewed together. [13] The kesa is worn over a Chinese-style long robe, called jikitotsu (直裰) which was also developed in China, [14] [15] and had a belt or sash tied at the waist. [13]
The white robe (白衣, hakue, byakue, shiraginu) worn on the upper half of the body is a white kosode, with sleeves the length of a tomesode formal sleeve. [3] Originally, kosode sleeves were underwear to be worn under daily clothing, but gradually became acceptable outerwear between the end of the Heian era and the Kamakura era [4] The red collar sometimes seen around the neck is a ...
It is often provided in Japanese hotels as a bathrobe, and is intended to be used indoors only, whereas the yukata may be worn outdoors. [1] In some cases, nemaki are gauze-lined. [2] The kanji may be written (寝巻) or (寝間着), with the former referring to the bathrobe, and the latter referring to sleepwear in general. [3]