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In modern times, the surgical treatment of tuberculosis is confined to the management of multi-drug resistant TB. A patient with MDR-TB who remains culture positive after many months of treatment may be referred for lobectomy or pneumonectomy with the aim of cutting out the infected tissue. The optimal timing for surgery has not been defined ...
Whereas previously less than 2% of infectious TB patients were being detected and cured, with DOTS treatment services in 1990 approximately 60% have been benefitted from this care. Since 1995, 41 million people have been successfully treated and up to 6 million lives saved through DOTS and the Stop TB Strategy. 5.8 million TB cases were ...
Extensively drug-resistant TB is also resistant to three or more of the six classes of second-line drugs. [155] Totally drug-resistant TB is resistant to all currently used drugs. [ 156 ] It was first observed in 2003 in Italy, [ 157 ] but not widely reported until 2012, [ 156 ] [ 158 ] and has also been found in Iran and India. [ 159 ]
As pharmacotherapy specialists and pharmacists have responsibility for direct patient care, often functioning as a member of a multidisciplinary team, and acting as the primary source of drug-related information for other healthcare professionals. A pharmacotherapy specialist is an individual who is specialized in administering and prescribing ...
Mycobacterial resistance to rifampicin may occur alone or along with resistance to other first-line antitubercular drugs. Early detection of such multidrug or extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis is critical in improving patient outcomes by instituting appropriate second-line treatments, and in decreasing transmission of drug-resistant TB. [54]
Ethionamide is an antibiotic used to treat tuberculosis. [2] Specifically it is used, along with other antituberculosis medications, to treat active multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. [2] It is no longer recommended for leprosy. [3] [2] It is taken by mouth. [2] Ethionamide has a high rate of side effects. [4]
A woman with tuberculosis in Tacoma, Washington, has refused to isolate or take medication, so the health department has gotten multiple court orders to compel her.
Latent tuberculosis will convert to active tuberculosis in 10% of cases (or more in cases of immune compromised patients). Taking medication for latent tuberculosis is recommended by many doctors. [29] In the U.S., the standard treatment is nine months of isoniazid, but this regimen is not widely used outside of the US. [citation needed]