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A blazed diffraction grating reflecting only the green portion of the spectrum from a room's fluorescent lighting. For a diffraction grating, the relationship between the grating spacing (i.e., the distance between adjacent grating grooves or slits), the angle of the wave (light) incidence to the grating, and the diffracted wave from the grating is known as the grating equation.
The recorded light pattern is a diffraction grating, which is a structure with a repeating pattern. A simple example is a metal plate with slits cut at regular intervals. A light wave that is incident on a grating is split into several waves; the direction of these diffracted waves is determined by the grating spacing and the wavelength of the ...
Nevertheless, the lower limit over the grating spacing is one order of magnitude smaller than the latter. Their availability, low cost, and versatility opened the path for their use in a various range of applications such as data storage, [3] holographic display [4] [5] and in general, as holographic optical components. [1] [6] [7]
A special form of a blazed grating is the echelle grating. It is characterized by particularly large blaze angle (>45°). Therefore, the light hits the short legs of the triangular grating lines instead of the long legs. Echelle gratings are mostly manufactured with larger line spacing but are optimized for higher diffraction orders.
Electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) is an optical interference phenomenon where an interference pattern is used to build a dynamic spatial diffraction grating in matter. EIGs are dynamically created by light interference on optically resonant materials and rely on population inversion and/or optical coherence properties of the material.
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By making the off-axis illumination (i.e., the light is illuminating the mask at an oblique angle), all the diffraction orders from the mask are tilted, which makes it more likely that the higher diffraction orders can make it through the projection lens and help form the image of the mask onto the wafer.
To expand the functional wavelength range, Shirasaki combined a VIPA with a regular diffraction grating in 1997 to provide a broadband two-dimensional spectral disperser. [15] This configuration can be a high performance substitute for diffraction gratings in many grating applications.