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Alternatives to animal testing are the development and implementation of test methods that avoid the use of live animals. There is widespread agreement that a reduction in the number of animals used and the refinement of testing to reduce suffering should be important goals for the industries involved. [ 1 ]
The Johns Hopkins University Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT) has worked with scientists, since 1981, to find new methods to replace the use of laboratory animals in experiments, reduce the number of animals tested, and refine necessary tests to eliminate pain and distress (the Three Rs as described in Russell and Burch's Principles of Humane Experimental Technique). [1]
Refinement: use of methods that alleviate or minimize potential pain, suffering, distress, or lasting harm and improve welfare for the animals used. The 3Rs have a broader scope than simply encouraging alternatives to animal testing, but aim to improve animal welfare and scientific quality where the use of animals cannot be avoided. In many ...
The law allows drug companies to find alternative methods of assessing their products, without testing them on animals or human beings. The bill was sponsored by Sens. Rand Paul (R–Ky.) and Cory ...
Replacing Animal Research is a charity based in Nottingham, UK, they fund and promotes alternatives to animal testing. Replacing Animal Research was founded in London in 1969 by animal lover Dorothy Hegarty to promote and assist research into new techniques and valid scientific substitutes to replace animal research in medical, biological and ...
The EPAA is a public-private partnership involving the European Commission (EC) and European industry sectors involved in the development of alternative approaches toward animal experimentation. The actions undertaken by the EPAA arise from communication and cooperation between services of the EC and industry, focused on regulatory compliance ...
A spokesperson for the UK-based Understanding Animal Research organisation was sceptical about the scientists’ claims, saying: “Those who do animal testing are also the biggest investors in ...
Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, animal research, and in vivo testing, is the use of non-human animals, such as model organisms, in experiments that seek to control the variables that affect the behavior or biological system under study. This approach can be contrasted with field studies in which animals are observed in ...