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In music, a minor seventh chord is a seventh chord composed of a root note, a minor third, a perfect fifth, and a minor seventh (1, ♭ 3, 5, ♭ 7). In other words, one could think of it as a minor triad with a minor seventh attached to it. [2] For example, the minor seventh chord built on A, commonly written as A− 7, has pitches A-C-E-G:
Common chord (music) Diatonic function; Eleventh chord; Extended chord; Jazz chord; Lead sheet; List of musical intervals; List of pitch intervals; List of musical scales and modes; List of set classes; Ninth chord; Open chord; Passing chord; Primary triad; Quartal chord; Root (chord) Seventh chord; Synthetic chord; Thirteenth chord; Tone ...
For example, the interval from A 3 to G 4 is a minor seventh, as the note G 4 lies ten semitones above A 3, and there are seven staff positions from A 3 to G 4. Diminished and augmented sevenths span the same number of staff positions, but consist of a different number of semitones (nine and twelve, respectively).
The dominant seventh (V7) chord G7=(G,B,D,F) increases the tension with the tonic (I) chord C. Adding a minor seventh to a major triad creates a dominant seventh (denoted V7). In music theory, the "dominant seventh" described here is called a major-minor seventh, emphasizing the chord's construction rather than its usual function. [27]
A ninth chord includes the seventh; without the seventh, the chord is not an extended chord but an added tone chord—in this case, an add 9. Ninths can be added to any chord but are most commonly seen with major, minor, and dominant seventh chords. The most commonly omitted note for a voicing is the perfect fifth.
For example, the relative minor of C major is A minor, and in the key of A minor, the i, iv and v chords are A minor, D minor and E minor. In practice, in a minor key, the third of the dominant chord is often raised by one semitone to form a major chord (or a dominant seventh chord if the seventh is added).
In major keys, the chords iii and vi are often substituted for the I chord, to add interest. In the key of C major, the I major 7 chord is "C, E, G, B," the iii chord ("III–7" [11]) is E minor 7 ("E, G, B, D") and the vi minor 7 chord is A minor 7 ("A, C, E, G"). Both of the tonic substitute chords use notes from the tonic chord, which means ...
For instance, for a composer working in the C major key, a major ♭ III chord (e.g., an E ♭ major chord) would be borrowed, as this chord appears only in the key of C minor. Although borrowed chords could theoretically include chords taken from any key other than the home key, this is not how the term is used when a chord is described in ...