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Samaria (/ s ə ˈ m æ r i ə,-ˈ m ɛər i ə /), the Hellenized form of the Hebrew name Shomron (Hebrew: שֹׁמְרוֹן ), [1] is used as a historical and biblical name for the central region of the Land of Israel. It is bordered by Judea to the south and Galilee to the north.
The city of Samaria gave its name to the mountains of Samaria, the central region of the Land of Israel, surrounding the city of Shechem. This usage probably began after the city became Omri's capital, but is first documented only after its conquest by Sargon II of Assyria , who turned the kingdom into the province of Samerina.
The Judea and Samaria Area covers a portion of the territory designated by the biblical names of Judea and Samaria.Both names are tied to the ancient Israelite kingdoms: the former corresponds to part of the Kingdom of Judah, also known as the Southern Kingdom; and the latter corresponds to part of the Kingdom of Israel, also known as the Northern Kingdom.
Ruins of the royal palace of the Omiride dynasty in the city of Samaria, which was the capital of Israel from 880 BCE to 720 BCE.. According to Israel Finkelstein, Shoshenq I's campaign in the second half of the 10th century BCE collapsed the early polity of Gibeon in central highlands, and made possible the beginning of the Northern Kingdom, with its capital at Shechem, [10] [11] around 931 BCE.
In ancient times, Sebastia was known as Shomron (Hebrew: שומרון, romanized: Šomron) which translates into "watch" or "watchman" in English. [14]The city bearing the ancient Hebrew name of Shomron later gave its name to the central region of the Land of Israel, surrounding the city of Shechem (modern-day Nablus). [15]
Today, Samaritans in Israel are fully integrated into society and serve in the Israel Defense Forces. The Samaritans of the West Bank seek good relations with their Palestinian neighbors while maintaining their Israeli citizenship, tend to be fluent in Hebrew and Arabic, and use both a Hebrew and Arab name. [114]
Other acronyms used by Israelis for the West Bank portion are Shai (ש"י Shomron VeYehuda – Samaria and Judea), and Ayosh (איו"ש Ezor Yehuda VeShomron – Judea and Samaria Area). The Yesha Council is the umbrella organization of the various municipal councils (local, regional, and cities) which represent Jews in the area.
Shavei Shomron (Hebrew: שָׁבֵי שׁוֹמְרוֹן, lit. Returnees of Samaria) is an Israeli settlement in the northern West Bank . Built on lands confiscated from the neighboring Palestinian villages of An-Naqura [ 2 ] and Deir Sharaf , [ 3 ] it is located to the west of Nablus , on the road to Tulkarm .