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  2. Laryngeal consonant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngeal_consonant

    The laryngeal consonants comprise the pharyngeal consonants (including the epiglottals), the glottal consonants, [1] [2] and for some languages uvular consonants. [3] The term laryngeal is often taken to be synonymous with glottal, but the larynx consists of more than just the glottis (vocal folds): it also includes the epiglottis and ...

  3. List of consonants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_consonants

    1.5 Laryngeal consonants. 1.5.1 Pharyngeal consonants. ... This is a list of all the consonants which have a dedicated letter in the International Phonetic Alphabet, ...

  4. IPA consonant chart with audio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPA_consonant_chart_with_audio

    The following tables present pulmonic and non-pulmonic consonants. In the IPA, a pulmonic consonant is a consonant made by obstructing the glottis (the space between the vocal cords) or oral cavity (the mouth) and either simultaneously or subsequently letting out air from the lungs. Pulmonic consonants make up the majority of consonants in the ...

  5. International Phonetic Alphabet chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic...

    The following is the chart of the International Phonetic Alphabet, a standardized system of phonetic symbols devised and maintained by the International Phonetic Association.

  6. International Phonetic Alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic...

    A pulmonic consonant is a consonant made by obstructing the glottis (the space between the vocal folds) or oral cavity (the mouth) and either simultaneously or subsequently letting out air from the lungs. Pulmonic consonants make up the majority of consonants in the IPA, as well as in human language. All consonants in English fall into this ...

  7. Place of articulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Place_of_articulation

    Distinctions made in these laryngeal areas are very difficult to observe and are the subject of ongoing investigation, and several still-unidentified combinations are thought possible. The glottis acts upon itself. There is a sometimes fuzzy line between glottal, aryepiglottal, and epiglottal consonants and phonation, which uses these same areas.

  8. Vocal cords - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal_cords

    The length of the vocal cords affects the pitch of voice, similar to a violin string. Open when breathing and vibrating for speech or singing, the folds are controlled via the recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve. They are composed of twin infoldings of mucous membrane stretched horizontally, from back to front, across the larynx.

  9. SAMPA chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAMPA_chart

    SAMPA IPA Description Examples i: i: close front unrounded vowel: English see, Spanish sí, French vie, German wie, Italian visto: I: ɪ: near-close front unrounded vowel: English city, German mit, Canadian French vite