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Arachnids are arthropods in the class Arachnida (/ ə ˈ r æ k n ɪ d ə /) of the subphylum Chelicerata. Arachnida includes, among others, spiders , scorpions , ticks , mites , pseudoscorpions , harvestmen , camel spiders , whip spiders and vinegaroons .
Arachnology is the scientific study of arachnids, which comprise spiders and related invertebrates such as scorpions, pseudoscorpions, and harvestmen. Those who study spiders and other arachnids are arachnologists. More narrowly, the study of spiders alone (order Araneae) is known as araneology. [1]
In larger variants of arachnids, such as the tarantulas and hairy desert spiders, another mechanism used for locomotion is an elastic sclerite. [6] These sclerites are semi-rigid connectors between leg segments that allow storage and expending of potential energy.
Basic characteristics of arachnids include four pairs of legs (1) and a body divided into two segments: the cephalothorax (2) and the abdomen (3). The ventral side of a brown widow spider. The epigastric plates and furrow are visible, as well as the hourglass marking on the underside of the abdomen, which is a characteristic feature of widow ...
The group's origins lie within an arachnid sub-group defined by the presence of book lungs (the tetrapulmonates); [1] [2] the arachnids as a whole evolved from aquatic chelicerate ancestors. More than 45,000 extant species have been described, organised taxonomically in 3,958 genera and 114 families. [3] There may be more than 120,000 species. [3]
The jumping spider Phidippus audax.The basal parts of the chelicerae are the two iridescent green mouthparts. The chelicerae (/ k ə ˈ l ɪ s ər iː /) are the mouthparts of the subphylum Chelicerata, an arthropod group that includes arachnids, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders.
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Some arachnids may be used for human consumption (edible arachnids), either whole or as an ingredient in processed food products such as cheese (Milbenkäse). [1] Arachnids include spiders , scorpions , and mites (including ticks ).