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Desalination is a process that removes mineral components from saline water. More generally, desalination is the removal of salts and minerals from a substance. [1] One example is soil desalination. This is important for agriculture. It is possible to desalinate saltwater, especially sea water, to
Seawater desalination requires more energy than the desalination of fresh water. Despite this, many seawater desalination plants have been built in response to water shortages around the world. This makes it necessary to evaluate the impacts of seawater desalination and to find ways to improve desalination technology.
Particularly important are distillation (desalination of seawater) and reverse osmosis. Thermal Bringing water to its boiling point (about 100 °C or 212 F at sea level), is the oldest and most effective way since it eliminates most microbes causing intestinal disease, [ 19 ] but it cannot remove chemical toxins or impurities. [ 20 ]
Jul. 26—With approval of a $10 million Texas Water Development Board loan, the Laguna Madre Water District will build a 10 million gallon seawater desalination plant in Port Isabel using water ...
More generally, desalination is the removal of salts and minerals from a substance. [15] One example is soil desalination. This is important for agriculture. It is possible to desalinate saltwater, especially sea water, to produce water for human consumption or irrigation. The by-product of the desalination process is brine. [16]
The brine disposed by the seawater desalination may disturb the ecosystem as the same amount of brine is produced as freshwater. [5] By using the brine valoristation method of wind-driven air flow by cooling the greenhouse with seawater evaporation, salt can be produced as shown in Figure 4. [5]
The small desert nation reuses 86% of its wastewater as of 2011, and 40% of the total water used by agriculture was reclaimed wastewater. [10] Desalination, brackish, or effluent water also accounts for 44% of Israel's water supply, [11] and the world's largest seawater desalination plant is the Sorek Desalination Plant located in Tel Aviv. [12]
Evaporation ponds are also used to dispose of brine from desalination plants. [4] Evaporation ponds at contaminated sites remove the water from hazardous waste, which reduces its weight and volume and allows it to be more easily transported and stored.