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  2. English grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_grammar

    For example, the noun aerobics has given rise to the adjective aerobicized. [3] Words combine to form phrases. A phrase typically serves the same function as a word from some particular word class. [3] For example, my very good friend Peter is a phrase that can be used in a sentence as if it were a noun, and is therefore called a noun phrase.

  3. Speech act - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_act

    An example of this could be if someone uttered the sentence "I'm hungry." ... formal applications of speech act ... example, a death threat is a type of speech act ...

  4. Elocution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elocution

    Elocution is the study of formal speaking in pronunciation, grammar, style, and tone as well as the idea and practice of effective speech and its forms. It stems from the idea that while communication is symbolic, sounds are final and compelling.

  5. Figure of speech - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Figure_of_speech

    For example, the phrase, "John, my best friend" uses the scheme known as apposition. Tropes (from Greek trepein, 'to turn') change the general meaning of words. An example of a trope is irony, which is the use of words to convey the opposite of their usual meaning ("For Brutus is an honorable man; / So are they all, all honorable men").

  6. Formal language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_language

    A formal proof or derivation is a finite sequence of well-formed formulas (which may be interpreted as sentences, or propositions) each of which is an axiom or follows from the preceding formulas in the sequence by a rule of inference. The last sentence in the sequence is a theorem of a formal system.

  7. Intonation (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intonation_(linguistics)

    For example, in This is fun, this is is at pitch 2, and fun starts at level 3 and glides down to level 1. But if the last prominent syllable is not the last syllable of the utterance, the pitch fall-off is a step. For example, in That can be frustrating, That can be has pitch 2, frus-has level 3, and both syllables of -trating have pitch 1. [22]

  8. Royal we - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_we

    Popes have historically used the we as part of their formal speech, for example as used in Notre charge apostolique, Mit brennender Sorge, and Non abbiamo bisogno. Since Pope John Paul I , however, the royal we has been dropped by popes in public speech, although formal documents may have retained it.

  9. Speech - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech

    Speech perception is categorical, in that people put the sounds they hear into categories rather than perceiving them as a spectrum. People are more likely to be able to hear differences in sounds across categorical boundaries than within them. A good example of this is voice onset time (VOT), one aspect of the phonetic production of consonant ...