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Nonetheless, the Pittsburgh knee rules offer fewer false positives than do the Ottawa knee rules, though the Ottawa knee rules are more commonly used. [2] The Ottawa knee rules count even a limping step as a step. Pittsburgh counts only a complete heel/toe plant as a step. This key difference likely accounts for the difference in specificity.
The Ottawa knee rules are a set of rules used to help physicians determine whether an x-ray of the knee is needed. [1] They state that an X-ray is required only in patients who have an acute knee injury with one or more of the following: Age 55 years or older; Tenderness at head of fibula; Isolated tenderness of patella
An amputation between the knee and ankle joints transecting the tibia, or shinbone, is referred to as a transtibial amputation. In this situation, the patient may retain volitional control over the knee joint. The cause of amputation may dictate the length of the residual limb and the corresponding level of control of the prosthesis.
The patient should be supine with the hips flexed to 45 degrees, the knees flexed to 90 degrees and the feet flat on table. The examiner positions himself by sitting on the examination table in front of the involved knee and grasping the tibia just below the joint line of the knee.
When National Service was first introduced in Singapore in 1967, the physical fitness test included a 4.8 km (3.0 mi) run to be completed within 30 minutes, and the completion of a 9.6 km (6.0 mi) run within 70 minutes while wearing the skeletal battle order (a type of load-bearing equipment).
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The knee joint contains two crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structures, the menisci (medial and lateral), which serve as shock absorbers and stabilize the joint during movement. Each meniscus has an outer vascular zone (red-red zone), which has a good blood supply and healing potential as well as a central avascular zone (white-white zone ...
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