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Spirituals (also known as Negro spirituals, African American spirituals, [1] Black spirituals, or spiritual music) is a genre of Christian music that is associated with African Americans, [2] [3] [4] which merged varied African cultural influences with the experiences of being held in bondage in slavery, at first during the transatlantic slave trade [5] and for centuries afterwards, through ...
Spirituals were the songs that the enslaved Africans began to sing, and they were sung by the enslaved Africans often, including while working, in prayer meetings, and in Black churches. They helped the enslaved Africans cope with slavery. They were composed by the community and the genre came out of the enslaved African experience. [17]
Noted as the premier carriers of the Negro spirituals, the Fisk Jubilee Singers were selected in November 2008 as one of nine recipients of the 2008 National Medal of Arts. The award, which is the highest recognition for artistic excellence given by the United States Government, was presented by President George W. Bush and First Lady Laura Bush.
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During the late 1950s and early 1960s, spirituals were embraced by leaders and activists for their social and political impact; many of the songs were merely about the fight to survive. [339] As theologian Howard Thurman said, "the spirituals were to meet the need of the present journeys"; [ 340 ] the spiritual " We Shall Overcome " became a ...
Black gospel music, often called gospel music or gospel, is the traditional music of the Black diaspora in the United States.It is rooted in the conversion of enslaved Africans to Christianity, both during and after the trans-atlantic slave trade, starting with work songs sung in the fields and, later, with religious songs sung in various church settings, later classified as Negro Spirituals ...
The original Canton Spirituals from 1943 were Reverend Arthur Lee Jackson Sr., Reverend I.S. Watkins, Jim T Graham, Claude Nichols, Warren G. Ward, Isaac Bolton, Eddie Jackson, Theo Thompson, Roscoe Lucious and founder Harvey Lee Watkins Sr. (December 5, 1929 – November 16, 1994).
Additionally, Jackson argued that Negro spirituals took their origin from poor whites who sang old folk songs from England. [3] During the 1940s, he studied the roots of anabaptist music (Amish and Mennonite). He proposed the now generally accepted view that the original tunes used in Der Ausbund hymnal were popular medieval melodies. [4]