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The human genome codes for 95 non-redundant helicases: 64 RNA helicases and 31 DNA helicases. [2] Many cellular processes, such as DNA replication , transcription , translation , recombination , DNA repair , and ribosome biogenesis involve the separation of nucleic acid strands that necessitates the use of helicases.
The polymerase chain reaction is the most widely used method for in vitro DNA amplification for purposes of molecular biology and biomedical research. [1] This process involves the separation of the double-stranded DNA in high heat into single strands (the denaturation step, typically achieved at 95–97 °C), annealing of the primers to the single stranded DNA (the annealing step) and copying ...
DNA helicases are responsible for unwinding the double-stranded DNA during chromosome replication. Helicases in eukaryotic cells are remarkably complex. [106] The catalytic core of the helicase is composed of six minichromosome maintenance (Mcm2-7) proteins, forming a hexameric ring. Away from DNA, the Mcm2-7 proteins form a single ...
DNA helicase II (sometimes called UvrD) then comes in and removes the excised segment by actively breaking the hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases. The resultant gap is then filled in using DNA polymerase I and DNA ligase.
Helicase is an enzyme which breaks hydrogen bonds between the base pairs in the middle of the DNA duplex. Its doughnut like structure wraps around DNA and separates the strands ahead of DNA synthesis. In eukaryotes, the Mcm2-7 complex acts as a helicase, though which subunits are required for helicase activity is not entirely clear. [2]
13211 Ensembl ENSG00000135829 ENSMUSG00000042699 UniProt Q08211 O70133 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001357 NM_030588 NM_007842 RefSeq (protein) NP_001348 NP_031868 NP_001392438 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 182.84 – 182.89 Mb Chr 1: 153.33 – 153.36 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse ATP-dependent RNA helicase A (RHA ; also known as DHX9, LKP, and NDHI) is an enzyme that in humans is ...
A Rho factor acts on an RNA substrate. Rho's key function is its helicase activity, for which energy is provided by an RNA-dependent ATP hydrolysis. The initial binding site for Rho is an extended (~70 nucleotides, sometimes 80–100 nucleotides) single-stranded region, rich in cytosine and poor in guanine, called the rho utilisation site (rut), in the RNA being synthesised, upstream of the ...
DEAD box proteins are putative RNA helicases characterized by the conserved motif Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD). They are implicated in a number of cellular processes involving alteration of RNA secondary structure, such as translation initiation, nuclear and mitochondrial splicing, and ribosome and spliceosome assembly.