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A portable Yagi–Uda antenna for use at 144 MHz (2 m), with segments of yellow tape-measure ribbon for the arms of the driven and parasitic elements. Consider a Yagi–Uda consisting of a reflector, driven element, and a single director as shown here.
A quad antenna is a type of directional wire radio antenna used on the HF and VHF bands. A quad is a Yagi–Uda antenna ("Yagi") made from loop elements instead of dipoles: It consists of a driven element and one or more parasitic elements; however in a quad, each of the loop elements may be square, round
The parasitic elements in a Yagi antenna are mounted parallel to the driven element, with all the elements usually in a line perpendicular to the direction of radiation of the antenna. What effect a parasitic element has on the radiation pattern depends both on its separation from the next element, and on its length.
Also called a Moxon rectangle; it is a rectangular-shaped, folded version of a two-element Yagi-Uda, hence a minimal parasitic array. [14] Quad Although "quad" can refer to a single quadrilateral-shaped loop, the term usually refers to two or more loops stacked side by side as a parasitic array; at first glance, quads resemble a box kite frame.
[3] All practical antennas are at least somewhat directional, although usually only the direction in the plane parallel to the earth is considered, and practical antennas can easily be omnidirectional in one plane. The most common directional antenna types are [citation needed] the Yagi–Uda antenna, the log-periodic antenna, and
A Yagi–Uda antenna's maximum directivity is 8.77 dB d = 10.92 dB i. Its gain necessarily must be less than this by the factor η, which must be negative in units of dB. Neither ERP nor EIRP can be calculated without knowledge of the power accepted by the antenna, i.e., it is not correct to use units of dB d or dB i with ERP and EIRP.
A three-element Yagi–Uda antenna used for amateur radio.The longer reflector element (left), the driven element (center), and the shorter director (right) each have a so-called trap (parallel LC circuit) inserted along their conductors on each side, allowing the antenna to be used at two different frequency bands.
The term antenna array most commonly means a driven array consisting of multiple identical driven elements all connected to the receiver or transmitter. A parasitic array consists of a single driven element connected to the feedline, and other elements which are not, called parasitic elements. It is usually another name for a Yagi–Uda antenna.
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