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Nautilus (from Latin nautilus 'paper nautilus', from Ancient Greek ναυτίλος nautílos 'little sailor') [3] are the ancient pelagic marine mollusc species of the cephalopod family Nautilidae. This is the sole extant family of the superfamily Nautilaceae and the suborder Nautilina .
Furthermore, unlike the extinct ammonoids, the modern nautilus lacks an aptychus, a biomineralized plate which is proposed to act as an operculum which closes the shell to protect the body. However, aptychus-like plates are known from some extinct nautiloids, and they may be homologous to the fleshy hood of a modern nautilus. [3]
The earliest cephalopods, [b] like Nautilus and some coeloids, appeared to be able to propel themselves forwards by directing their jet backwards. [ 42 ] : 289 Because they had an external shell, they would not have been able to generate their jets by contracting their mantle, so must have used alternate methods, such as by contracting their ...
The current classification of the Nautilida, in prevalent use, [1] is that of Bernhard Kummel (Kummel 1964) in the Treatise which divides the Nautilida into five superfamilies, the Aipocerataceae, Clydonautilaceae, Tainocerataceae, and Trigonocerataceae, mostly of the Paleozoic, and the later Nautilaceae.
Nautilus are unable to easily move across areas deeper than 800 metres, and most of their activity occurs at a depth of 100–300 metres deep. [4] Nautilus can occasionally be found closer to the surface than 100 metres, however, the minimum depth they can reach is determined by factors such as water temperature and season. [4]
North America's Forgotten Past (occasionally called "First North Americans") is a series of historical fiction novels published by Tor and written by husband and wife co-authors W. Michael Gear and Kathleen O'Neal Gear. The series, which began with 1990's People of the Wolf, explores various civilizations and cultures in prehistoric North America.
Ross T. Christensen has propounded the theory that the Mulekites in the Book of Mormon were "largely Phoenician in their ethnic origin." [5] In his 1871 book Ancient America, John Denison Baldwin repeats some of the arguments given for Phoenician visits to America, but ultimately refutes them, saying:
The book before printing : ancient, medieval, and oriental. New York: Dover. ISBN 0-486-24243-9. Eisenstein, Elizabeth (2005). The printing revolution in early modern Europe. Cambridge UK; New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-84543-2. Febvre, Lucien; Henri-Jean Martin (1997). The coming of the book : the impact of printing 1450 ...