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Allocation of seats by state, as percentage of overall number of representatives in the House, 1789–2020 census. United States congressional apportionment is the process [1] by which seats in the United States House of Representatives are distributed among the 50 states according to the most recent decennial census mandated by the United States Constitution.
Apportionment is the process by which seats in a legislative body are distributed among administrative divisions, such as states or parties, entitled to representation.This page presents the general principles and issues related to apportionment.
The term has negative connotations, and gerrymandering is almost always considered a corruption of the democratic process. The word gerrymander (/ ˈ dʒ ɛr i ˌ m æ n d ər, ˈ ɡ ɛr i-/) can be used both as a verb for the process and as a noun for a resulting district. [6] [7]
The Reapportionment Act of 1929 required that the number of seats in the U.S. House of Representatives be kept at a constant 435, and a 1941 act made the reapportionment among the states by population automatic after every decennial census. [3] Reapportionment occurs at the federal level followed by redistricting at the state level.
The Reapportionment Act of 1929 (ch. 28, 46 Stat. 21, 2 U.S.C. § 2a), also known as the Permanent Apportionment Act of 1929, is a combined census and apportionment bill enacted on June 18, 1929, that establishes a permanent method for apportioning a constant 435 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives according to each census.
This term may be employed roughly and sometimes has no technical meaning; this indicates the distribution of a benefit (e.g. salvage or damages under the Fatal Accidents Act 1846, § 2), or liability (e.g. general average contributions, or tithe rent-charge), or the incidence of a duty (e.g. obligations as to the maintenance of highways). [2]
The reason why this is an enticing option: Bills advanced through the budget reconciliation process cannot be filibustered, meaning they can be approved by a simple majority in the Senate — not ...
Reapportionment of the House required Congress to pass a bill and the president to sign into law an act to reapportion the House from since the ratification of the constitution up until 1941, which is when a self-executing statute was enacted, thus making reapportionment an automatic process.