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Bromoform was discovered in 1832 by Löwig who distilled a mixture of bromal and potassium hydroxide, as analogous to preparation of chloroform from chloral. [5]Bromoform can be prepared by the haloform reaction using acetone and sodium hypobromite, by the electrolysis of potassium bromide in ethanol, or by treating chloroform with aluminium bromide.
Benzyl bromide is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 5 CH 2 Br. The molecule consists of a benzene ring substituted with a bromomethyl group. It is a colorless liquid with lachrymatory properties. The compound is a reagent for introducing benzyl groups. [3] [4]
Fluorobenzene is an aryl fluoride and the simplest of the fluorobenzenes, with the formula C 6 H 5 F, often abbreviated PhF. A colorless liquid, it is a precursor to many fluorophenyl compounds. A colorless liquid, it is a precursor to many fluorophenyl compounds.
4-Fluorobromobenzene is synthesized via bromination of fluorobenzene in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst such as iron(III) bromide or aluminium tribromide. [2]4-Bromofluorobenzene is regarded by the Toxic Substances Control Act as a high production volume chemical, that is, a chemical that 1 million pounds (about 500 tonnes) per year is either produced in or imported to the United States.
Phenylboronic acid or benzeneboronic acid, abbreviated as PhB(OH) 2 where Ph is the phenyl group C 6 H 5 - and B(OH) 2 is a boronic acid containing a phenyl substituent and two hydroxyl groups attached to boron. Phenylboronic acid is a white powder and is commonly used in organic synthesis.
This reagent can be used, e.g. in the reaction with carbon dioxide to prepare benzoic acid. [4] Other methods involve palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions , such as the Suzuki reaction . Bromobenzene is used as a precursor in the manufacture of phencyclidine .
Bromofluoromethane is a mixed gaseous halomethane soluble in alcohol and very soluble in chloroform. Its standard molar entropy , S o gas is 276.3 J/(mol K) and heat capacity , c p is 49.2 J/(mol K).
Most primary and secondary perfluoroalcohols are unstable, for example trifluoromethanol eliminates hydrogen fluoride, forming carbonyl fluoride. [2] This reaction is reversible. [3] CF 3 OH → COF 2 + HF. Stable perfluorinated alcohols include nonafluoro-tert-butyl alcohol ((CF 3) 3 COH) and pentafluorophenol (C 6 F 5 OH).