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The Meaning of Relativity at Wikisource Identifiers refer to the 2014 reprint of the 5th edition unless otherwise noted The Meaning of Relativity: Four Lectures Delivered at Princeton University, May 1921 is a book published by Princeton University Press in 1922 that compiled the 1921 Stafford Little Lectures at Princeton University , given by ...
The same experimental data shows that time as measured by clocks in a gravitational field—proper time, to give the technical term—does not follow the rules of special relativity. In the language of spacetime geometry, it is not measured by the Minkowski metric. As in the Newtonian case, this is suggestive of a more general geometry.
In special relativity, energy is closely connected to momentum. In special relativity, just as space and time are different aspects of a more comprehensive entity called spacetime, energy and momentum are merely different aspects of a unified, four-dimensional quantity that physicists call four-momentum. In consequence, if energy is a source of ...
The term "theory of relativity" was based on the expression "relative theory" (German: Relativtheorie) used in 1906 by Planck, who emphasized how the theory uses the principle of relativity. In the discussion section of the same paper, Alfred Bucherer used for the first time the expression "theory of relativity" ( German : Relativitätstheorie ).
Numerical relativity, a subfield of computational physics that aims to establish numerical solutions to Einstein's field equations in general relativity; Principle of relativity, used in Einstein's theories and derived from Galileo's principle; Theory of relativity, a general treatment that refers to both special relativity and general relativity
Galilean invariance or Galilean relativity states that the laws of motion are the same in all inertial frames of reference. Galileo Galilei first described this principle in 1632 in his Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems using the example of a ship travelling at constant velocity, without rocking, on a smooth sea; any observer below the deck would not be able to tell whether the ...
Accelerations in special relativity (SR) follow, as in Newtonian Mechanics, by differentiation of velocity with respect to time. Because of the Lorentz transformation and time dilation , the concepts of time and distance become more complex, which also leads to more complex definitions of "acceleration".
The relativistic expressions for E and p obey the relativistic energy–momentum relation: [12] = where the m is the rest mass, or the invariant mass for systems, and E is the total energy. The equation is also valid for photons, which have m = 0 : E 2 − ( p c ) 2 = 0 {\displaystyle E^{2}-(pc)^{2}=0} and therefore E = p c {\displaystyle E=pc}