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Common rifle cartridges, from the largest .50 BMG to the smallest .22 Long Rifle with a $1 United States dollar bill in the background as a reference point. This is a table of selected pistol/submachine gun and rifle/machine gun cartridges by common name. Data values are the highest found for the cartridge, and might not occur in the same load ...
While modern firearms are generally referred to by the name of the cartridge the gun is chambered for, they are still categorized together based on bore diameter. [citation needed] For example, a firearm might be described as a "30 caliber rifle", which could accommodate any of a wide range of cartridges using a roughly 0.30 inches (7.6 mm) projectile; or as a "22 rimfire", referring to any ...
By comparison, the 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge, used in the M16 and M4 rifles, produces between 1,200–1,300 foot-pounds force (1,600–1,800 joules), while the .308 Winchester, a favorite for hunters, police, and military snipers, produces between 2,000–3,000 foot-pounds force (2,700–4,100 joules) depending on the load used.
The length of the barrel (especially for larger guns) is often quoted in multiples of the caliber, used, for example, in US naval rifles 3 in (76 mm) or larger. [2] The effective length of the barrel (from breech to muzzle) is divided by the barrel diameter to give a dimensionless quantity.
The advantages of the shortened case were twofold: the cartridge could function through the standard length rifle action as used by the popular .30-06 Springfield and .270 Winchester. It was also close to the efficiency limitations of powders available at the time given the case capacity of the cartridge.
Due to the gaining popularity of the 7mm Rem Mag, in 1963 Winchester launches the last member of the Winchester Magnum family of cartridges; the .300 Winchester Magnum; a standard length action belted magnum driving a 180 grain bullet at 3000 fps and a 150 grain bullet at a muzzle velocity of 3300 fps. The cartridge took off slowly but managed ...
Comparison of .577 Black Powder Express, .303 British & 8 bore bullets The most common 8 bore cartridges used paper cases, much like shotgun shells, and true .835 in (21.2 mm) caliber projectiles. A larger version utilising a thin brass case was also available, although it fired .875 in (22.2 mm) projectiles, in reality making it a 7 bore.
The standard factory loads, produced and sold by the Sharps Rifle Manufacturing Company and the Sharps Rifle Company were .50/100/425 (.50 caliber/100 grains black powder/425 grain grease grooved bullet) and .50/100/473 (.50 caliber/100 grains black powder/473 grain grease grooved bullet) with a paper patched bullet.